| China’s state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have been playing a vital role in China’s national economy as an important pillar and the major force. China’s SOEs are the main source of government revenue and the major power for the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. To accelerate economic growth and to promote social harmony and stability, it is particularly important to ensure the SOEs’rapid and sound development. Due to the existence of the loopholes in, and weakness of, regulatory policies and institutions in political systems, culture systems, social norms, legal systems and so forth, the practice of corruption in SOEs during transition period happens frequently, which leads to the loss of state property, harms the public interest, hampers economic growth, lowers the moral standards and cohesion of the entire society and diminishes the reputation of SOEs.Therefore, the CPC Central Committee pays special attention to combat corruption and uphold integrity in SOEs, intensifies its anti-corruption efforts and has tried a variety of anti-corruption measures, constructing a variety of laws and agencies in an attempt to stamp out corruption to enhance the SOEs’graft-fighting for their sustainable development. The awareness of anti-corruption of SOE employees is a significant composition as well as manifestation of the culture construction of anti-corruption. Thus, the research and analysis on the status quo of the awareness of anti-corruption of employees of SOEs have great theoretical and practical value.This paper uses quantitative analysis approach to research the status quo of the awareness of anti-corruption of employees of W state-owned group company of four provinces including Henan, Sichuan, Hunan, and Jiangxi through questionnaire survey and documents study. Based on overall situation of the awareness of anti-corruption, this article analyses the difference in the level of awareness of anti-corruption of different political status, work seniority, educational background, genders and positions among employees.Based on overall situation of the awareness of anti-corruption:On a macro-scale, most employees are satisfied with the social image of state owned enterprises, believe in the effectiveness of the anti-corruption measures, and consider the practice of corruption very rare. However, other employees are not optimistic about the present situation of anti-corruption, which reflects that SOEs shoulder heavy responsibilities to fight against corruption. On a micro-scale, with the majority being able to define what is corruption, some SOEs employees find it difficult to distinguish corruption.Employees with different political status have different attitude on combating corruption:Compared with party members (Communist Party of China and other Democratic Parties), non-party employees and League members have less knowledge about and pay less attention on anti-corruption measures. The anti-corruption polices, measurement and even evaluations are more recognized among the employees with party membership (CPC). Employees who are Non-party members have more misgivings to report corruption.Employees with different work seniority have different attitudes toward combating corruption:Most employees with different work seniority of state owned electrical enterprises have confidence in the effectiveness of anti-corruption. The longer the work seniority, the more optimistic are the employees, and the deeper understanding they have on anti-corruption. Despite the different work seniority, most employees assume that the management team are more likely to corrupt and believe that effective supervision, checking practices and the building of democracy are essential strategies for preventing and detecting corruption.Employees with different educational background have different attitudes toward combating corruption:It is more easily for better-educated employees to detect visible practice of corruption. However, despite the educational background, all employees have misgivings about those hidden practice of corruption. Those better-educated employees know more about the anti-corruption policies but pay less attention on the supervision of the practice of corruption, and are prone to push their luck to the practice of corruption.Employees with different genders have different attitudes toward combating corruption:Compared to the females, males are more optimistic about both the evaluation of general situation and the option of individual behaviors, and pay more attention to internal news of the building of anti-corruption and the practice of corruption. Female employees have more sense of self-preservation and hence more likely to choose not to report corruption.Employees in different levels of positions have different attitudes toward combating corruption:From the aspect of the overall social environment and electrical enterprises, compared to the optimism of high-ranking employees, ordinary staff are more objective and assume that flaws and loopholes exist. Compared with ordinary staff, high-ranking employees have more knowledge about the process as well as the content of the building of anti-corruption system. High-ranking employees have less misgivings to report corruption while those ordinary have more sense of self-preservation when faced with corruption and more cautious with the ways of reporting corruption.In summary, factors such as political status, work seniority, educational background, genders and positions of employees have significant influence on the awareness of practice of corruption as well as the attitude toward combating corruption. Therefore, taking the specialty of different groups into consideration is necessary when building anti-corruption and upholds integrity system. Only in this way, the integrity of SOEs can be build effectively and therefore, push forward the anti-corruption activities. |
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