Research On The Countermeasures Against The Poverty-returning Caused By Natural Disaster In Contemporary China

In a recent decade, China has been faced with these following problems: theslowing speed of poverty reduction; instability of results of fighting poverty; the tightmixture of situations of poverty reduction and falling back to poverty; falling back topoverty in a large scale and the seriousness of problems of falling back to poverty.Among these, the problems of falling back to poverty cased by natural disasters are thekey factors. With the frequent occurrences of the extreme weather and continuingdiastrophism, the types and features of natural disasters varied in nature and cause ahuge damage to the economy and society. The damage of natural disaster bringsdamage to people, especially to those who live in poverty areas. These areas may fallback to poverty again and the poverty situations may increase. To handle theseproblems, the preparation must be done before the disaster, rescue measures must beadopted during the disaster, after-disaster reconstruction must be improved. Thesemeasures reduce the consequences of natural disaster and promote the speed offighting poverty and economic development.This thesis persists in the guidance of Marxism and adopts the methods ofmaterials study, system analysis, comparative analysis and multidisciplinary researchand tries to provide a primary solutions to solve the problems of falling back topoverty.This paper consists of six chapters:First chapter is introductory chapter. It presents the basis of selected title, researchmeaning, current study situations both in home and abroad, research contents, structure,method of research in the thesis.Second chapter summarizes the problems on natural disasters and phenomenon offalling back to poverty. It focuses on the concepts and types of natural disasters,poverty and falling back to poverty. Apart from these, it also presents the areadistribution of falling back to poverty because of natural disasters, the situation ofliving conditions of these areas and differences in reality of falling back to poverty. Third chapter analyzes the types of falling back to poverty caused by naturaldisasters. The major three types are: poverty which is short of assets for living; povertywhich is lack of ability to fight poverty and poverty hat lack of power. In addition tothis, this chapter also analyzes the three major features of falling back to povertybecause of natural disasters, which are regional areas、recurrence and seriousness.Fourth chapter focuses on the origin and influence of poverty caused by naturaldisasters. The origins are followings: the recurrences of natural disasters caused thesevere consequences; frigid environment increased the natural disasters; infrastructurefacilities are not developed enough to fight against natural disasters, farmer familiesare not strong enough to encounter the natural disasters; the efficiency of emergencyprevention system is limited; the development of economic level is still low.Meanwhile, it analyzes the influence that falling back to poverty brings to individuals,improvement of poverty eradication strategies and development of disaster affectedareas.Fifth chapter presents the basic theory that natural disasters are the reasons offalling back to poverty. It analyses the relation between natural disasters and povertyfrom the Marxist principles, theory of Communist Party, theory of Western culture andChinese traditional culture.Chapter six mainly presents the strategies to solving the problem of falling backto poverty caused by natural disasters. There are two core strategies, first one is torealizing the stability of alleviating poverty of rural population, instead of falling backto poverty due to natural disasters; second is to ensure that none of those who escapedfrom poverty fall back to poverty once again. To solve this problem, it provides thesolutions. On the one hand, to assist the poverty regions in utilizing developmentstrategies, which mainly focused on relation between exploration of recourses andecology environment,and between prevention of natural disasters and development ofpoverty areas. On the other hand, policy of alleviating poverty through developmentmust be firmly put into practice. This would be reached from three aspects: ecologyimmigration strategy, whole village–practice strategy and strict poverty eliminationstrategy. Third, to perfect the ensure and aid system. Fourth, to develop theinternational cooperation, this part concerned with the exchanges of experiences,regional cooperation and NGO. Fifth, to strengthen the ability of preventing naturaldisasters among venerable groups, this part is mainly about construction of awareness, team building and ability building. Sixth, to improve the foundation of riskmanagement, including early warning system of natural disaster, allocation ofemergency supplies, reconstruction system, science and technology system, financialinsurance system and legal supporting system.At present, as a new research topic, the practice and theory of coping with thenatural disaster and developing through alleviating poverty has received great attentionin this field. But the studies of this problem from angles of MarxismChinese-Characterization and is not so often seen. This is the innovative part of thisthesis. Based on the studies on materials, this thesis tries to analyze the currentphenomenon of falling back to poverty due to natural disasters, and then innovativelysuggests the types and features of poverty. It also provides the origin and influence offalling back to poverty and solutions to encounter it. Studies from this thesis willenrich the theory of development-oriented poverty alleviation and contribute to thelong-lasting development of poverty alleviation project. In the meanwhile, this paperalso provides reference for the future study in development-oriented poverty project tothe writer.