Research On The Balance Of Resources Allocation In China’s Higher Education

Limited or scarcity resources leads to the demand for resource allocation in higher education, also it raised the problem of fairness and efficiency in higher education resource allocation process, there are different interests among the various main body (such as government, universities, individuals, etc.), each stakeholder has its own interest objectives, and there is a conflict of interest between different stakeholders, resulting in a variety of game and the competitive relationship among the different stakeholders in higher education resource allocation process, on the other hand the interests of the Government’s objectives and requirements of the overall efficiency in higher education resource allocation, how to integrate the relationship between fairness and efficiency in higher Education resources allocation, to promote higher education resource allocation to achieve the fair equilibrium, the efficiency equilibrium and the equilibrium between fairness and efficiencyFairness and efficiency are two aspects of the most important in higher education resource allocation, in this paper, we use the Systems Science and the Game Theory, from the property’rights system stating, we analyze the impact of the system and its institutional change to the resources allocation mode and the resources form mode in our higher education resource allocation process, clarify the higher education resource allocation is actually tradeoffs or policy choices between fairness and efficiency, while we analyzed the balanced mechanism, the balanced incentive and the balanced restraint mechanisms in higher education resource allocation, on the basis of, from the point of view of the resources allocation mode and the resources form mode in higher education. We analyzed the coupling and the degree of coupling between resource allocation policies and the reality of resource allocation in higher education, as well as implement an empirical analysis to the fairness equilibrium, to the efficiency equilibrium and to the equilibrium between fairness and efficiency among China’s regions higher education resource allocation, in perspective, in order to find the uneven reasons to better the strategies in higher education resource allocation, make higher education resources allocation towards a equilibrium direction. This paper studies’contents and conclusions as following:(1) We clarify the Higher Education Resource Allocation System related characteristics, nature; fairness criteria, build equalizer goal higher education resource allocation and the efficiency of resource allocation Pareto principle combined; define the meaning of the balanced higher education resource allocation, and decomposed into fair balanced, efficient balanced, fairness and efficient balanced; summarize the methodological characteristics of previous, in order to choose a rational analytical methods.(2) We analyzed the factors of affectting equilibrium in higher education resource allocation, on the basis of, we studied the preferences of the decision-making body and its characteristics, there are diversity and differences among these decision-making bodies, the paper argues that the reason why there is a conflict of interest, except the factor that resources are scarce, the fair preference inconsistency is the important factor among the main bodies, leading to a lack of cooperation or the level of cooperation is very low among the main bodies, so the fairness preference is a prerequisite that balanced generated, but the preferences evolutionary among multi-decision-making bodies whether imitation learning through the evolution of repeated games can improve fairness preference tendency to make cooperation has improved, under the assumptions of bounded rationality premise, the design of an evolutionary game model, and after repeated evolution of simulation and obtained the answer is right.(3) Higher education resource allocation to achieve a real sense of balanced, in addition to improve fairness preference degree into consistency among multiple decision-making body, also depends on the unity of fairness and efficiency, fairness is not only balanced criteria, under the assumption that "reasonable person", the goal of government policy-makers is to maximize their own utility, which maximize the overall interests of society are contradictory case of preference diversity of actors, how to integrate diverse preferences, higher education resources allocation policy unified by individual rationality into collective rationality, need to have a mechanism of fair competition and the mechanism of effective incentive, this paper expounded the meaning of general higher education resource management mechanism with meaning and reasonable mechanism design considerations while to design a conducive to the realization of the higher education resource allocation balanced incentive and restraint mechanisms.(4) We use the Systems Science and the Systems Engineering methods and ideology to analyze the features of the resource elements (including functional constraints, initiative, complementary), to analyze the function changes of resource elements in Higher Education Resource Allocation System, and system evolution and fluctuation process.We build the system dynamic model combined with the actual situation of the resources in higher education, institutional policy factors analysis accompanied by the Higher Education Resource growth and accumulation process in higher education.We found the correlation between the growth of higher education resources and government policies, and we study the effect of government regulation and market regulation means the configuration between different resources, and its generated.(5)In higher education resource allocation, under the premise of scarce resources, we must first solve the problem, is how to handle the relationship of between fairness and efficiency. We analyzed the relationship between fairness and efficiency, and summarize the different perspectives about the relationship of between fairness and efficiency in higher education resources allocation, confirm the relationship is both unity and opposites, and this relationship is changed, it there are differences because of the time, countries, regions, different level of discussion, the government deal with the relationship of between fairness and efficiency results in a higher education resource allocation, depending on the the decision preferences or make decisions based on the actual needs of social and economic construction, and use the concept lattic, to describe the decision-making process, and finally the actual investigation and the empirical analysis were implemented on the relationship of between fairness and efficiency of the higher education cost-sharing.(6) The empirical analysis on the relative efficiency of resources allocation are implemented with actual data of various regions universities of China, both imbalance phenomenon and uneven reasons are analyzed in resource allocation of higher education, pointed out the areas which is balanced, the areas which are not balanced, in order to find out the reasons of uneven efficiency, we isolated what areas resulting in low efficiency because of inadequate investment, and what region resulting in low efficiency because of insufficient output.(7) Concludes the paper, on this basis, to explore the path how to achieve balanced resource allocation in higher education in our country, and provide a few suggestions.