Northern Shaanxi Hilly Gully Area Rural Settlements Transformation And Development Research Based On Returning Farmland To Forest

Northern Shaanxi hilly gully area facing the most prominent problem are theecological environment degradation and poor peasants; they magnified the cumulativeeffect of ecological insecurity and social instability, which is related with theunreasonable regional development model. Rural Settlements development of NorthernShaanxi hilly gully area has its particularity, its fragile ecological environment andlimited resources carrying capacity determines its development path which must be anew green and sustainable development community way.In1999the CPC Central Committee make major decisions that Returning farmlandto forest project carried out in a fragile ecological environment Midwest Land firstly,after15years of implementation North Shaanxi hilly gully area has very huge changes,mainly in the ecological environment, production and lifestyle, economy developmentmodel, the traditional concept of community, rural landscape changes and so on.Returning farmland to forest improve the ecological environment in North Shaanxihilly gully area. Meanwhile the policy impact the traditional rural way of life andhuman settlements building. However rural settlements construction mode still stagnant,so there is a new Habitat contradiction. Government-issued food and economicsubsidies to farmers, farming is no longer the only means of survival. The ruralsettelments layout get rid of the constraints "farming radius".The new layout modetransfers from "decentralized" to "gathering", thereby generating a new series problems.On the one hand, production and lifestyle conflicts with the settlement layout mode. Most of the new rural settlements copy urban settlement patterns, this layout mode withthe Returning farmland to forest Farmers of production and lifestyle do not match,ignoring the residentail patterns inherent needs of the occupants after the production oflifestyle changes; On the other hand, traditional regional culture break and disappear.Large-scale, agglomeration style building rural settlements ignoring the local naturaland cultural features, abandoned ecological advantages and cultural connotations in thetraditional settlements, lead to the new building residents have many problems such aslocal characteristics disappearance, style messy, poor quality of indoor thermalenvironment and constructive destruction of local landscape. The above two mainproblems have become the most important issue in the Loess Hilly Area Habitatconstruction of rural settlements.Rural settlements of North Shaanxi hilly gully areas are have long been traditionalfarming as the main mode of production, and therefore mainly based on the type of ruralsettlements in which topographical features for classification. Now affected by returningfarmland to forests, rural settlements in the area of production has undergonetremendous changes, resulting in a different industry model. The research proposes amethod to divide rural settlements in different industry model types, and depending onthe characteristics of the industry model, and discusses the following three NorthShaanxi hilly gully areas suitable construction mode for the development of ruralsettlements.Mode1: Based on maintaining the ecological restoration of rural settlementsconstruction and development model;Mode2: Based on facility agriculture and livestock facility of rural settlementsconstruction and development model;Mode3: Based on tourism development-oriented of rural settlements constructionand development model;For the above different industries model, the research give the detailed expound onthe model select, technical support, impact factor, the development model of ruralsettlements and other aspects. Help guide the construction of new rural communities,and help alleviate the contradiction between human settlements, provide a reliable basisfor the follow-up study of settlement construction in rural hilly area of the Loess Plateau.