On The Training Program Of Physical Education Undergraduate In Chinese Universities And Colleges

Physical Education is a major with a long history, and mature and stable development among all majors within the sports discipline. New state of reform and development of the economy and society, higher education, primary education and sports, makes the development of Physical Education major face new opportunities and challenges. What kind of talent should Physical Education mojor foster? How to foster those talent? All these issues are closely related to training programs. This dissertation explores and analyzes the present situation, problems and reasons of the training program of physical education undergraduate in Chinese universities and colleges, by the methods of literature, case analysis, field survey, interview, and comparison, puts forward a preliminary suggestion to adjust and optimize, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for universities and colleges to make training programs for all majors of sports. The main conclusions:1.The undergraduate training objectives of physical education major have gone through three development stages:single occupation type, comprehensive development type, and composite type. The curriculum design presents characteristics of "increasing number of major disciplines, decreasing number of main courses; compression of total class hours, increase of elective courses, strengthened internship and practical training".2. Different types of undergraduate training objectives of physical education major are mainly positioned to cultivate the application type of talents, and the compound type of talents. Training standards have distinctive features:comprehensive universities take campus physical education and health education as the core, pay attention to other sports work; normal universities and colleges have prominent features in teachers’education; sports colleges and universities take full advantages of sports technique and skill education. The curriculum needs further optimization and improvement.3. Sports talent training experience in foreign colleges and universities is worthy of our selective reference:Timely adjusting the training objectives according to the needs of society, adding the emerging direction of the sports major, emphasize the service society, the importance of occupation education, paying attention to the training of "generalist, composite type" of the sports talents; curriculum contents have clear categorization and classification, curriculum is territorized and serialized; humanities education and science education take the same proportion in the general education courses; high proportion and freedom degrees of elective courses can reflect the national characteristics; Through studies of the second major students can obtain a bachelor’s degree. But overemphasis of theory-based subject rather than the sports skill acquisition is not suitable for our current situation.4. The current training program of physical education undergraduate pays more attention to professional education, and less to general education, out of touch with the basic physical education, positioning of training objectives is not accurate, level of training specification is unclear, classification is fixed, curriculum setting overemphasizes theory rather than practice, knowledge rather than ability. Top design and systematicness of internship and practical training are insufficient. The survey on employment and social demands of physical education undergraduates is also insufficient. These problems are mainly due to the failed understanding to the relationship between general education and professional education, short consideration of the needs of economic and social development, ignorance of the influence from student qualities, being stuck in the traditional education mode which mainly impart knowledge. There is a lack of effective convergence mechanism between campus training and social needs.5. Countermeasures and suggestions:Universities and colleges should take the educational concept of "students’comprehensive development-oriented", establish the concept of "quality-oriented education" and the concept of "diversified education quality in mass education", pay attention to its cohesion with the reform of elementary education, strengthen humanities education. The talents training target should be clearly positioned as applied talents and academic talents. Clear hierarchy of training specification and structure system should be constructed. Classified guidance of the cultivation of various talents should be strengthened. Universities and colleges should mainly cultivate applied talents, optimize the curriculum system, compress the total class hours, increase the elective courses, highlight the cultivation of practice ability and innovation ability. Finally this dissertation proposes a new idea to make a training program which combines the previous two types of programs, namely the application and academic type.