| Education equalization is the focus which the scholars pay much attention in recent years. With intensifying trend of the globalization competition and the construction of a harmonious society in our Country, the requirement of education development strategy, and the reality of education need to develop in Xi’an region, This paper study the spatial balance of basic education by using space network analysis method from the perspective of geography location theory, which could be used for reference in foundation education balance development in Xi’an and western China.Topic selection of thesis mainly localized in systemic research and empirical analysis of basic education balance, which take Xi’an city as the study area, based on the basic education balanced development and education resource configuration and the layout as the breakthrough point, this dissertation analyzes the balance of basic education resource allocation and the layout in the studied area.First of all, through the analysis of situation reveal the coupling relationship between education and social economy coordinated development quantitatively and qualitatively, space differentiation research of residential areas and the location of school;Secondly,on the basis of the status quo problems further measurement, classification and equilibrium analysis to allocation level of basic education resources,explored the efficiency and fairness of space layout of school;Finally, based on the study of the problems, put forward the promotion of basic education balanced development way. The main conclusions as follows:1.Analysis the coupling relationship between education and social economy coordinated development quantitatively and qualitatively.①In recent10years, Social and economic development level rising steadily and the basic education development growth rapidly in Xi’an city.②Basic education and social economy coordinated development level rising year by year, coupling type followed by reluctant coordinated development, intermediate coordinated development, coordinated development and good quality coordinated development. For the period of education lag type from2002to2005and the economic lag type start from2006.2. Space differentiation research of residential areas and the location of school.From the present situation, the distribution density and dot structure, thesis studied through156junior high school,324primary schools,2532residential areas, and the results showed that:For the distribution of primary school, which had consistency with residential areas, and for the distribution of junior high school, which had differences with residential areas in Beilin district. For the distribution of primary school, which had differences with residential areas, and for the distribution of junior high school, which had consistency with residential areas in Xincheng, Yanta,Weiyang and Baqiao district. For the distribution of primary school and junior high school, which had consistency with residential areas in Lianhu district.3.Measurement, classification and equilibrium analysis to allocation level of basic education resources.①Build the index system of basic education resources allocation level measurement, Made cluster analysis according to the model calculation of elementary school, junior high school education resources allocation level, and divided into Ⅰ (high quality high configuration funds), Ⅱ (high quality configuration in funds), Ⅲ (configured in high quality in funds), Ⅳ (low quality configuration in funds), V (low quality low configuration funds) five classes, The results of classification present, the investment of education resources to elementary school and junior high school in Xi’an city had the Matthew effect,which causes the education resources allocation to equalization. Education stock and flow with the same trend, which will increase the unfairness of basic education resources allocation.②Using the difference coefficient to analyze balance of education resource allocation in primary and junior high school. The result showed that:Primary and junior high school had a balanced comprehensive level of education resources allocation in Yanta district and Baqiao district; Elementary school education resource allocation are balanced in Beilin district and Xin district, while junior high school were unbalanced; Elementary school education resource allocation are unbalanced in Weiyang district, while junior high school were balanced; both the elementary school and junior high school education resource allocation are unbalanced in Lianhu district.4.Using Service area analysis in network analysis based on ArcGIS and the accessibility of the huff model, from the perspective of efficiency and fairness of basic education resources spatial layout respectively, to analyze the spatial configuration of equilibrium.①Efficiency analysis of school service area efficiency. The highest coverage of Elementary school and junior high school service area is Beilin district, the lowest for Baqiao district, the difference between the highest coverage and lowest was0.55and0.5respectively for elementary school and junior high school. The highest overlapping coverage of elementary school and junior high school service area both are Xincheng district, the smallest of Baqiao district, the difference between The highest Overlapping coverage and the lowest were0.56and0.47respectively for elementary school and junior high school. With a better service area coverage efficiency which could maintain the status quo of primary school and junior high school accounted for39.6%; With a better efficiency which need to be improved in the future, the primary school accounted for56.6%and junior high school accounted for52.8%. With a poor efficiency which need improvement immediately take account for3.8%for primary school and7.6%for junior high school.70%primary school and64.2%junior high school had service area with a low overlapping coverage and a better efficiency, which can maintain the status quo.18.9%primary school and20.8%junior high school had service area with a low overlapping coverage and a better efficiency, which need to improve in the future.11.1%primary school and15%junior high school had service area with a high overlapping coverage and a poor efficiency, which need immediate improvement in the future.②Equity analysis of resident choosing school. In2532residents points,3%primary school and9junior high school with an ideal accessibility and a better equity can maintain the status quo, elementary school and junior high school with an acceptable accessibility and fairness need to improve in the future both accounted for60%; elementary school and junior high school with a low accessibility and poor fairness need to improve immediately take account for37%and31%, respectively.③Equity analysis of school layout. In the324primary schools and324junior high school, the school layout of39%elementary school and34.6%junior high school were fair and reasonable which can maintain the status quo;47%elementary school and45.5%junior high school were fair and reasonable relatively which need to improve in the future.47%primary school and45.5%junior high school with a more fair and reasonable layout, which need to be improved in the future, including27%primary school25.6%junior high school with allocation of resources were slightly redundant,20%primary school and19.9%junior high school with allocation of resources was insufficient.14%Primary school and14%junior high school had poorer fairness, including3%primary school5.8%junior high school with allocation of resources were slightly redundant,11%primary school and13.6%junior high school with allocation of resources was insufficient. Among them, elementary school and junior high school had the highest proportion of fair and reasonable layout in Weiyang district and Beilin district, while the Baqiao district had the lowest proportion. Lianhu district had a high degree of fair and reasonable education resource allocation; elementary school had reasonable school teachers configuration and student/teacher ratio in Beilin district and Xincheng district;Xincheng district need to adjust the proportion of teacher resource allocation.5.Based on the study of the problems, put forward the promotion of basic education balanced development way.①Increasing supply of basic education resource, implementing the coordinated development of social economy.②Based on the analysis of tyson polygons, and neighborhood "university district" resource sharing mutual model.③Set up reasonable layout structure equilibrium system of basic education resource configuration space.④From the perspective of spatial accessibility, relatively fair chance was provided to all students in basic education resource layout stage.⑤Based on Huff model, using the ArcGIS to plan the relatively balanced new district on the space layout. |
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