| The Chinese government always valued the problems of villagers, countryside and agriculture. The Central No. 1 document have been given for many years with the objective of seeking a countermeasure to the problems and the core thought to developing modern agriculture and building socialism new countryside and Increasing farmer’ income. Tobacco agriculture is an important foundation of tobacco development as the main component of our country agriculture. Promoting the development of the tobacco agriculture must be core with three agricultural problems and with solving good tobacco material, tobacco-planting area and tobacco farmer. State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau made an important plan on the development of modern tobacco agriculture in 2007, which made active attempt in the development of modern agriculture. The development of modern tobacco agriculture implemented the central spirit, reflected the hopes of tobacco farmer and can promote tobacco continuous improvement. Planting tobacco on a large scale is the only way to modernization. Now the problem is lack of the definition of the appropriate scale. Established policy cannot solve the problems targeted. The tobacco farmer were trying to increase the crop size but not thought about scale efficiency. It is necessary to research the appropriate scale planting for protecting the benefit of tobacco farmer and keeping the tobacco continuous improvement.For agricultural production efficiency evaluation, the traditional method is to use various kinds of index for example land productivity, labor productivity and cost profit margins, etc. to comparative analyze. Many experts researched on the relationship of the scale and the efficiency of agricultural management. Conflicting results often obtained due to the different researcher goal and different assessment standard. This is mainly because the traditional index considering only single input and single output, actually the agricultural production and operation belongs to more input single output or more input more output. In order to solve the problem of single index analysis, some scholars used more index analysis, but the conflicting results often obtained too. The main reasons are that the traditional indexes don’t think of comprehensive input factors, that the traditional indexes can’t solve the problems of evaluating various input factors matching, maximum output based on fixed input conditions and minimum input based on fixed output conditions, that the indexes are unable to determine which belong to scale efficiency. The problem of the influence factors of scale efficiency can only be used to the qualitative not quantitative analysis methods.The study analyzed the collective related data based on the literature review. Firstly, the development history, the changes of scale and efficiency of tobacco planting in Fujian Province were described and evaluated based on traditional indexes. Secondly, cost profit about different tobacco scale planting size and related information were researched by scientifically investigating a large sample of tobacco farmer from micro level. Thirdly, the model on tobacco scale planting efficiency evaluation was constructed by using the methods of two stages of DEA-Tobit to explore the rules and the influence factors of tobacco scale planting efficiency. Then, the decision-making mechanism of tobacco planting size was revealed through analysis on the differences between willingness of tobacco farmer planting size and the optimal planting size. Finally, some suggestions were put forward on the basis of the main conclusion.The study used economics, operations research, sociology, and other disciplines research methods based on empirical analysis to illustrate the problems with normative research and empirical research, qualitative and quantitative method combined. The main studying contents of the article included six aspects. (1) The general situation and the history of the nation and Fujian province tobacco agriculture were introduced according to a large number of materials. The application of the traditional indexes methods were used to evaluate the tobacco scale efficiency of nation and Fujian province, describe the cost profit and analyze the influence factors of leaf tobacco plantation on macro-level. They were the basis of the construction of the tobacco farming scale efficiency evaluation model. (2) The questionnaire was scientific designed to obtain samples data. The sample survey data of tobacco farmer was described statistically and analyzed to obtain cost benefit situations which were the data basis of further scale efficiency evaluation of different tobacco planting size. (3) The model of the tobacco planting scale efficiency was built based on the principle of DEA methods. The model chose variable returns to scale BC2 to measure the tobacco planting scale efficiency. (4) The evaluation index system of the tobacco planting scale efficiency was constructed, and the survey sample data was clustered. The model of the tobacco planting scale efficiency was used to evaluate the planting scale efficiency under the goals of separately the tobacco companies and farmer from two aspects of input and output. The optimal scale was determined using absolutely efficiency indexes on the basis of relative optimal. (5) Influence factors on the tobacco planting scale efficiency were analyzed under the production goals of separately the tobacco farmer and the companies by using TOBIT model that chose scientifically 13 explanatory variables that may be seriously influence on the tobacco planting scale efficiency. The significant influence factors were analyzed to reveals the factors how to give positive or negative influence the scale efficiency significantly. (6) Firstly, the willingness of the sample tobacco farmer scale planting was integrated statistically. Secondly, the differences between the willingness and the fact of planting size were analyzed. Then the influence factors of not optimum scale efficiency chosen were listed. Lastly, a multiple linear regression model was established to simulate the willingness of tobacco farmer scale planting and the significant factors were analyzed.The main conclusion: moderate scale of tobacco farmer planting area is 30 to 35 mu; Planting large scale is low efficiency and the scale return rate is decreasing; it is necessary to adjust the input factors to improve plant scale efficiency; there are more common influence factors on scale efficiency between tobacco companies and farmer; the differences are significant between willingness and fact of tobacco planting size; the soil improvement behavior of the tobacco farmer is passive.The main suggestion: different areas must regular evaluate optimal scale as a moderate scale of local standards; tobacco farmer should be actively guided to choose best moderate scale of planting; it is necessary to limit too large scale planting; tobacco farmer should be assisted actively to orderly land transfer; the soil should be improved systematically; tobacco farmer should be guided scientifically planting with respecting to willingness of farmer; pay attention to improve the quality of the tobacco farmer; nice demonstration of the tobacco farmer who are younger but have planted tobacco for so long must be expressed; to improve tobacco machinery purchase subsidy policy; to give full play to the long-term mechanism of research scale efficiency. |
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