The Research On The Direction And Mechanism About Transform From Small-scale Part-time Farming To Appropriate-scale Modern Agriculture In Coastal Areas

Agriculture is the basic industries that can support the national economicconstruction and development. After reform and opening up, with the implementationof household contract responsibility system and the introduction of the countrybenefiting the agriculture policy, the coastal areas of agriculture made rapiddevelopment, productivity has improved greatly. After entering the new century，thecoastal agriculture has entered a critical period that transform from small-scalepart-time farming to appropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas.Appropriatescale of modern agriculture through the rational allocation of factors of productionsuch as land, capital, labor and full utilization of agricultural production to achieve thebest economic benefits, the agricultural labor force to obtain work or do businesslabor similar income, is a diversified agricultural industryshape and versatile form ofagricultural operation.However, due to the rural population density in coastal areas,land resources serious scarcity, therefore, the scale farmers to produce is small;farmer’s part-time working is still very common phenomenon, all this makes Ruralland circulation stagnant, and generally reduces the quality of the rural labor force, itsdeepening is bound to slow down the process of development of coastal areas ofmodern-scale agriculture.Therefore, the article attempt based on the rural coastal areas agriculture’s basicconditions and the development of small-scale part-time farming, investigate theevolution locus about transform from small-scale part-time farming toappropriate-scale modern agriculture; propose the evaluation index system andevaluation methods that can measure and evaluate the transform’s degree, level andeffect; in-depth study into the main problems in the transform; based on those problems uncover the bottlenecks and major constraint system about transform,explore the evolve direction about transform, search the Business entities andtransformation models that conducive to the development of appropriate-scale modernagriculture, then presents the mechanism for promoting the transform fromsmall-scale part-time farming to appropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas.On one hand, from the quantitative point of view to have a more comprehensiveunderstanding and awareness about the appropriate-scale modern agriculture; on theother hand, provide reference and help to promote the transform from small-scalepart-time farming to appropriate-scale modern agriculture in other areas. The mainresearch contents of this thesis are as follows:(1)Basic concepts and basic theory. Introducing the basic concepts and basictheory about small-scale part-time farming and appropriate-scale modern agriculture.Including the chief industry, agriculture, small-scale and industry, agriculture,economies of scale, modest scale management of agriculture, modern agriculture,appropriate to the scale of modern agriculture; and these concepts are involved in avariety of theories, including Chayanov "small-scale peasant behavior" theorySchultzrational smallholder theory, comparative advantage theory, the theory of economies ofscale, new institutional economics theory, the transfer of rural surplus labor theory ofthe sort.(2)The development status of small-scale part-time farming in coastal areas.Through access to a lot of literature with field research, details the basic form ofsmall-scale part-time farming in coastal areas, Including the subject, content, modeand depth; summary typical feature of small-scale part-time farming in coastal areas:the higher educational level young labor force are principal part of part-time farming,the behavior of part-time farming’s level is low; and investigate the Causes and Affectof small-scale part-time farming in coastal areas.(3)The evolution locus about transform from small-scale part-time farming toappropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas. By analyzing the space-timeevolution trend of conditions for agricultural production, industrial structure,production efficiency in coastal areas, dividing time track of transform into three parts: small-scale farmers in a single stage of production phase as the core of solving thefood problem(1978~In the late1980s), small-scale farmers multiple part-time farmingphase as the core of increasing farmers’ income(the mid-1980s~early2000s),appropriate scale farmers specialized production phase as the core of developing themodern agriculture(once the beginning of the21st century).(4)The effect evaluation about transform from small-scale part-time farming toappropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas. Defined and described themeaning and characteristics of appropriate scale modern agriculture, made11coastalprovinces as the object of study, with the principles of holistic, comprehensive andregional, build a evaluation system that covering8aspects and32indicators,evaluated the development level of appropriate scale modern agriculture in coastalareas, and analyzer the development status between regions, in order to help thecoastal areas’ agriculture develop faster and better.(5)The major constraint system about transform from small-scale part-timefarming to appropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas. Using principalcomponent analysis quantitative evaluates the major constraint system abouttransform from small-scale part-time farming to appropriate-scale modern agriculturein coastal areas, and the problems of the rural land transfer mechanism, theagricultural science and technology R&D and promotion mechanisms, the agriculturalinput mechanism, the industrialization of agriculture mechanism, the rural socialsecurity mechanism are the major constraint system that impede the transform fromsmall-scale part-time farming to appropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas,and must do some Reform and improvement.(6)The evolve direction about transform from small-scale part-time farming toappropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas. By anglicizing the main types,basic characteristics, production performance of the main production and businessmodel in transform from small-scale part-time farming to appropriate-scale modernagriculture in coastal areas, point that the direction of transformation and evolution ofmain production is cultivating core farmers, and the direction of transformation andevolution of business model is Promoting the development of co-integrated business model.(7)The mechanism for promoting the transform from small-scale part-timefarming to appropriate-scale modern agriculture in coastal areas. Basing on domesticand international experience, proposing the promote mechanisms and measures thatcan accelerate the transform, such as reforming and Innovating the rural land transfermechanism to accelerate the transformation, reforming and Innovating the agriculturalscience and technology R&D and promotion mechanisms to accelerate thetransformation, reforming and Innovating the agricultural input mechanism toaccelerate the transformation, reforming and Innovating the industrialization ofagriculture mechanism to accelerate the transformation, reforming and Innovating therural social security mechanism are the major constraint system to accelerate thetransformation.