Research, Farmers And Business Operators In The Process Of Agricultural Modernization In China

Along with the policy of reform and opening-up and the policy of householdcontract responsibility system, part-time farming appears more and more often in ourcountry. Because of the ubiquity and the importance of part-time farming, the study ofpart-time farming seems to be very significative.Firstly, this paper analyzes the academic and practical reason of part-time farming.This paper thinks that farms would make the marginal productivity of farm works andnon-farm works equal. The free transfer between farm works and non-farm works alsorequire the income of doing farm works be equal to doing non-farm works. Thecompetition equilibrium of labor and land market make the part-time farming comesinto being. This paper gives five propositions and improves them. Then this paperreviews some other classical theory of part-time farming and movement of population.By the analyses of practical investigation, this paper sums up the practical reason ofpart-time farming.The second part of the discussion in this article is the analyses of relationshipbetween part-time farming and large-scale agricultural operation, and also therelationship with industrialized operation of agriculture. By the research of theessential of Scale operations and the industrialization of agriculture, this paper arguesthat part-time farming increases the land scale of unit farmer labor to some extent, butto some extent hinders the land concentration for large-scale agriculture operation; theindustrialization of agriculture has an important role in improve the income of thefarmers and the division of labor in agriculture, which develop the space of part-timefarming, but part-time farming hinders the industrialization of agriculture developingto be a high level.The third part of this article is the analyses of the overall relationship between thepart-time farming and the process of modernization of agriculture. In the process ofmodernization of agriculture, part-time farming plays an active role in the migrationsof rural labor force and improves farmers' income. However, part-time farming formsthe small-scale agricultural operations; high transaction costs, which will affect thefurther development of agriculture and the income of farmers. Therefore, this paperthinks that part-time farming will eventually lose its advantage, although from thecurrent data, this trend is not obvious. The fourth part of this paper is the analyses of the regional characteristic ofpart-time farming. This paper cluster analysis the province date of part-time farmingand agricultural in our country, and the clustering results show that provinces of Chinacan be divided into of Group 5 with their obvious characteristics. The results alsoshow that the index of eastern is better than central areas, which is better than western.For each group, this paper gives some primary proposal.The last part of this article gives some suggestions. This part analyzes the part-timefarming and development of agricultural in Japan and Taiwan, especially focuses ontheir measures and policy of improving the income of the farmers and promotion ofagricultural modernization. Then this paper gives some proposal, including theregarding the great importance to part-time farming, reforming the land system,strengthening migrant workers training, promoting the industrialization of agricultureand so on.