The Research On Late Qing Tongcheng Poem School

The poetry of Qing Dynasty is spectacular, such as the book edited by Shichang Xu, named "WanQingYiShiHui", includes over twenty-seven thousand poems from a series of more than6,000poets. According to preliminary statistics from "Poem of Qing Dynasty" Codification Committee, as many as100,000people in Qing Dynasty poet have handed down works. In this voluminous river of poetry, the Tongcheng School has been excavated to varying degrees in poetry and poetics theory and this has become one of the hotspots of modern literature research. However, there are also questions can not be ignored in the study of Tongcheng School, such as whether Tongcheng Poetry is an established Poetry School, is there imbalances case in Tongcheng Poetry studies, inheritance and innovation of Tongcheng Poetry advocated issues. Therefore we select the late Qing Tongcheng Poetry as an object in this study, as there are plenty of writers and works, but the study is relatively weak.This study is based on the poetry of the late Qing Dynasty Tongcheng School, drawing the supports of literature, history books, diaries and other local history and literature to discuss the development of the Tongcheng School in late Qing Dynasty. We aim to sort the poetic thought of Fang Dongshu, Yao Ying, Mei Zengliang, Zhu Qi, Long Qirui, Wang Zheng, Zeng Guofan, Yao Junchang, Zhang Yuzhao, Yao Yongpu,Yao Yonggai, Fang Shouyi, Fang Shoudun et al. Then in the basis of case study, the discussion come late Qing Tongcheng Poetry poetic ideas as well as an initial overview of the development of Tongcheng Poetry in Guangxi. Finally discusses the inheritance and innovation of the early Tongcheng Poetry by late Qing Dynasty Tongchen School, exploring the value in poetics theory of late Qing Tongcheng Poetry. These will be discussed the following five sections:The first chapter will discuss why Tongcheng School is also a School of Poetry according to the concept of literary genres, poetry of Poetry Tongcheng members and related discussion, reviews from others. Thereby Tongcheng Poetry is divided into four developing stages:formation, maturity, the remainder and the renewal of tradition and cited on behalf of the members of each period. Tongcheng also have literature, the interaction between its literary and poetic, and differ in the ways and styles of learning. Select the current relatively weak academic research among the large number of writers and works of the late Qing Tongcheng Poetry as a research object, and therefore the time to determine its scope and its writers group members, on the basis of an overview of the late Qing Tongcheng Poetry Poetics proposition: Emphasis poems reflect the poet’s true feelings, focusing on the creation of the body’s own qualities, adopting both Tang and Song dynasties, heavy imitation, more widely used poetry and prose as poetic allusions creative approach. On the basis of inherited early thoughts on the poetics of Tongcheng, Tongcheng Poetry in the late Qing Dynasty poems, learning poetry and poetics advocates have scope break through. It is that Tongcheng Poetry in Late Qing poetics theory demonstrated integrity, systematic, inheritance, make it to be a Poetry, and this is the biggest difference between it and the other Poetry of the same period.The second chapter traces the poetics origin of late Qing Dynasty Tongcheng Poetry. Based on the poetic thought of Qian Chengzhi, Fang Bao, Liu Dakui, Yao Fan and Yao Nai, discussed the preliminary Tongcheng Poetry poetic assertion that their Poetic Outlook mainly in poetry to reflect the truth of the poet, the poet’s character and attention to the text of the poem above.The third and the forth chapter discusses the development of Tongcheng Poetry from1820to1860years, focus on Fang Dongshu, Yao Ying, Mei Zengliang, Zeng Guofan, Zhu Qi, Long Qirui, Wang Zheng, summed up each of the main content of their poetry, art style and poetic ideas. Fang Dongshu’s poems reflected in the "thinking","worry", the "line", which advocates for the conservation of primitive poetry, poetry Road temperament, see their own face, to say the Poetic and artistically. Yao Ying’s personal feelings, hearts worth of love, are paid under his writings and his Poetry focus on reality, talent, merit and knowledge and include economy in poetry. Mei Zengliang’s poetic insight into life and express personal emotions and feelings, its true Poetry heavy emphasis scholarship and character creation subject, quite respect Su Shi and Huang Tingjian. After analyzing the main content of Zhu Qi, Long Qirui’s poetry, we think that Zhu Qi adopted both Tang and Song Poetry and heavy temperament and simulation. Long Qirui prefer true nature of re-creation of the subject, knowledge and character. After reviewing the relationship between Zeng Guofan and Tongcheng Poetry in Dao-Xian years and the main content of his poetry, we discuss his poetic idea in four aspect, the poetry of the magnificent and fit, learn the Tang and Song, heavy imitation, poem comes from feeling. Members of Tongcheng Poetry in Dao-Xian years affected by statecraft thoughts on poetry, reflects its concern for the fate of patriotism, simultaneously on the creative approach, the use of allusions and Prose Poems.The fifth chapter discusses the development of Tongcheng Poetry in Tongzhi and Guangxu years, focus on Yao Xunchang, Zhang Yuzhao, Yao Yongpiao, Yao Yongkai and Fang Shouyi, Fang shoudun and other man-made object of study, representative summarized the poetic idea. Tongcheng Poetry members of the depths of the late Qing Dynasty, which reflects the underlying social unrest and suffering of the people living in poetry, and demonstrated its concern for the fate of nation. Tongcheng poetics in this period developed the previous Tongcheng poetic ideas on poetry and poetics target range, mainly reflected in the Yao Yongkai’s poetic ideas.In the end, the article lists in the form of an appendix including "pity hold so Xianglu diary" published on "Qing He", where there are parts of Yao Nai Los, three Lost Poems of Guan Tong included in Fang Dongshu’s "Yi Wei Xuan Poetry" and the inscription of Fang Shoudun for Anhui Provincial library twenty-one anniversary published on "Style". These findings improve our understanding of the literatures of Yao Nai, Guan Tong and Fang Shoudun. In order to develop a more intuitive understanding of the history of the late Qing Dynasty Tongcheng Poetry, we also prepared a chronology of the late Qing Dynasty Tongcheng Poetry, including the late Qing Dynasty Tongcheng poet’s writings and related historical materials, finishing works cross-check, organized in the form of the late Qing Dynasty dating. This will show the life and literary activities of Tongcheng scholar and friends in the development of Tongcheng School of Poetry, and provide some objective and accurate information to the late Qing Tongcheng School of Poetry.