A Study On Migration Decision And Migration Behavior Of Migrant Workers’ Families

The realization of settlement in city and urbanization of the migrant workers’ families,which is relied on family, the smallest unit of the society, is the necessary stage of migrantworkers’ citizenization. This has also plagued the development of China’s economy and therealization of social stability in recent years.On the basis of the new labor migration theory and benefit-cost analysis, the paper makesfull use of theoretical and empirical analysis, model construction and test, microscopic and macroscopic analysis, equilibrium and marginal analysis, and etc, to analyze migration decisionand behavior of migrant workers’ families. Through building model and influential factors hypothesis, the paper theoretically analyzes migration behavior and its influential factors’ direction of migrant workers’ families from the static and dynamic respects. And meanwhile, through testing the theoretical model empirically based on cost-benefit analysis, the paper analyzes net profit of migration in the short-term and long-term. Based on the above analysis, the migration process is decomposed into five migrant conditions and four migrant stages. The analysisis continued according to the static and dynamic theory, based on survey data of Shandong Province. This paper studies the migration decision-making, analyses the factors which affect migration, and makes clear of the impetus and obstacle factors which affect the realization of urbanization. And finally, the suggestion is put forth that the policy about migration, settlementand orientation of migrant workers and their families should be adjusted.The conclusion is put forward that the positive and negative aspects have appeared in thetransformation from migrant workers’ families to city residents, through theoretical and empirical research.From the aspect of static analysis, the conclusion of the study is summarized as follows.(1) The migrant workers’ family scale gradually narrows, and the burden thus alleviates before settlement in city; family income and net migration profit are growing; migrant workers’ work and life ability in city gradually improves. These above shows the strong power in the process from the first migrant coming to city to the whole family coming to city.(2) But the stageof settlement in city and integration into city has been the one which hinders the urbanization.The reasons are as follows. After settlement in city, the net income reduces and the net migration gain is less than zero; for rural family assets such as cultivated land, residential land and housing, rural family have both market transaction intention and retention intention to resist ris ks in city; city income distribution system, contracts, laws and regulations which safeguard the rights and interests of migrant workers, and the social security system, housing security system and political, economical and cultural environment all adversely affect the settlement in city.(1) From the aspect of dynamic analysis, migrant workers family’s ultimately either settle in city or go back to countryside. For a migrant worker’s family, whether being able to settle in city needs at least two labors, who have migrated to city. Migrant workers’ families, which have members occasionally going to city or only one migrant worker, tend to eventually settle in rural. Migrant workers’ families, which have more than2migrant workers, tend to eventually settle in city.(2) However, for migrant workers’ family, the settlement in city needs ten or even more years, which needs migrant workers get stable job and wage, good expectation of income growth of working in the city; and needs to enhance the overall quality of family members.(3) At the same time, in this long migration process, the first migrant worker will be affected by the overall trend of Chinese migration, migrant workers’ intergenerational relationship,and individual and family characteristics. But subsequent family members who also migrate to city are mainly affected by family characteristics, which also reflect intergenerational transition of migrant members and intergenerational transition of the first and second generation ofmigrant workers’ families.Therefore, in order to promote the citizenization of migrant workers’ family, on one hand,migrant workers’ families which are in different stages should be actively adapted to differentchanges, and improve subjective conditions and optimize their migration decision through itsaccumulation of human capital and social capital. Migrant workers’ families should actively promote more than2members to migrate to city, which can help migrant workers’ family eventually settle in city. On the other hand, it is more important that the government needs to improve employment market and service system which are urbanely-rurally integrated, improve migrant workers’ income and living environment, make rural property rights clear, foster property market which is urbanely and rurally integrated, and help migrant workers’ families increaseemployment, income and capital accumulation. Social security system and compulsory education system should be improved, which can reduce the burden of migrant workers’ family migration. The construction of city low-income housing and low rent housing should be enhancedto reduce the cost to settle in city. Some system to promote workers’ quality and ability should be improved, which can help migrant workers’ families integrate into city.