Analysis Of The Impact Of Public Service Amenity On Family Migration Location Choice

Since the reform and opening up,China’s rapid economic development has driven large-scale labor migration for employment purposes,and the scale of the migrant population continues to expand,with the trend of migrant families gradually increasing,which brings opportunities and challenges for urban construction.Attracting intact families to move in not only improves the welfare level of migrating individuals and provides stable labor resources for urban construction,but also helps improve social problems such as care for left-behind children and support for left-behind elderly.Among the many attractive factors of cities,the importance of public service convenience in population migration decisions is also coming to the fore.Exploring the influence of public service convenience on family migration location choice can not only enrich the research related to family migration location choice mechanism and provide reference for government departments to formulate population planning and public service supply policies,but also contribute to the adjustment of urban supply structure and optimization of resource allocation,and play an important role in alleviating the crowding effect of large cities and ensuring the future development of population mobility in the direction of quality and stability.Based on this,this paper starts from the perspective of family-oriented and facilitated migration,uses the matched data from the 2017 national dynamic monitoring data of the mobile population and the characteristics data of 233 cities at prefectural level and above,takes into account the basic public services and quality public services,human resources and material resources of public services in cities,focuses on the public service areas closely related to migrating families,and constructs an index system from the dimensions of amenity of education,amenity of medical care and amenity of The index system is constructed from the three dimensions of amenity of education,amenity of medical care and amenity of transportation,and the entropy method is used to assign weights to measure the convenience of public services.Further,we use conditional logit models to investigate the influence of public service amenity on the choice of intact households’migration location,conduct robustness tests by increasing the control of household settlement threshold index and changing the classification of amenity,and identify the moderating effect of household registration restrictions,use group regression to explore the heterogeneous preferences of migrating households with different household registration nature and education level on the amenity of urban public services,and analyze the heterogeneous role of public service amenity in attracting intact families to migrate in large cities versus small and medium-sized cities.The results of the analysis show that,overall,the positive effect of public service amenity on intact family migration is significant,among which the influence of medical convenience is higher,and the attraction effect of public service amenity on intact family migration remains robust after increasing the control of household settlement threshold or changing the amenity measure,and the coefficient of the interaction term between household settlement threshold index and education and medical amenity is negative,indicating that household registration control restricts the access of migrating households’ access to education and medical amenity.By type of public service resources,public service human and physical resources,quality and basic resources,all have significant positive effects on intact household migration.Looking at different groups and city sizes,the heterogeneity test results of grouped regressions show that there are intergroup differences in the preferences for public service amenity among migrating households with different account nature and education levels,with non-farm households valuing urban quality public resources,medical services and public service human resources more than agricultural households,and education amenity having a significant positive effect only for households with higher education.Amenity of basic public services and human resources for public services have insignificant effects on the attraction of households who have received higher education.The results of the city-level heterogeneity test indicate that the concentration of public resources in large cities leads to population clustering,but the effect of public service amenity on household migration decisions in small and medium-sized cities is limited.In view of the above conclusions,this paper puts forward suggestions from three aspects:how to improve the amenity of urban public services,promote balanced and coordinated regional development,and improve the equal access degree of public service amenity for migrating families.Based on the existing literature,this paper attempts to explore the mechanism of household location choice,focusing on the important factor of public service amenity,and analyzing its effect by using conditional logit model,further analyzing the moderating effect of household registration system and the heterogeneous effect of household and city level.In terms of measuring the amenity of public services,we add quality public service resources and further distinguish between human and material resources to measure the amenity of urban public services from multiple perspectives and levels,laying the foundation for exploring the differences in the role of amenity of public services in different dimensions.