The Research On Marx’s Theory Of Cultural Criticism

Culture is general category with rich meanings, and always an important concern of Marx’s thought. Culture in his theory, especially in philosophy occupies a very important position, and there are many related ideas of culture, principles, position and method of culture study in his works. Based on his historical materialism as the methodology of research on cultural issues, Marx starts from the concept of cultural subjectivity to construct a practical concept of humanistic attribute. Marx’s practical concept thinks that culture is the creation fruit of human practical activities and people’s essential strength target. Culture constitutes and condenses into a stable living style and value system of people.Cultural criticism is to reflect and criticize specific culture value and ideals on the basis of the general rule of cultural essence and development. Cultural criticism is not to change the social political and economic framework itself, but to penetrate into the framework of cultural ideology. It is not to change the society directly, but to change people-reshaping people’s spirit, personality structure, way of thinking and values and so on. In particular, it looks forward to the evolution of the human nature and regression. One of the essential characteristics of Marx’s theory is to transcend nature as the core of people’s practice, consciously the historical, practical and critical cultural spirit. All of Marx’s theory of criticism and theory research in fact constituted a kind of based on human-based practice to explain the formation and division of human society and split, and to discard the division to gain history of human self criticism and reconstruction from human liberation.Based on the "Marxist cultural critique theory" as the research topic with Marx’s classic works, the paper uses scientific attitude of adhering to the "return to Marx","reread Marx" and "dialogue" with Marx. By opening a new, modern interpretation to explore some new theoretical insights deeply, so as to construct a more complete interpretation of Marxist cultural criticism theory:Firstly, to deep explore the theory origin of Marx’s cultural criticism. Through research, we can find that Marx’s cultural criticism idea is the results of the inheritance and development of previous thinkers’critical intelligence. Since the Renaissance, especially the British and French enlightenment thinkers of the enlightenment, the critical awareness, the critical spirit of German classical philosophy, Western Europe utopian socialism, especially the utopian socialism of the19th century criticism etc. All of these constitute resources of Marxist cultural criticism thought.Secondly, to summarize the main aspects and content of Marx’s cultural critique comprehensively. Through the study of text carefully, according to Marx’s critical thinking development and follow the unity of logic and history, we believe that the religious ideology criticism is the logic starting point and guide of Marx’s cultural criticism."Critique of religion is the precondition of all other criticism". Critique philosophy paradigm is the core content of Marxist cultural criticism and provides the ideological basis and methodological guidance of Marxist cultural criticism. The establishment of Marx’s practical philosophy paradigm to enlighten cultural critique of starting point and foothold should be based on people’s practice and pay attention to man’s survival, development and value. Critique of political philosophy is the development of Marxist cultural criticism theory. Marx’s criticisms to Prussia feudal autocracy, Hegel’s rational national view, modern capitalist countries, the capitalist political freedom, equality, and democracy, the capitalist society’s critique of the "dual structure" and his theory of human liberation and so on, are fully demonstrated Marx deep political culture and wisdom. Economic life ethical criticism is not only the logic of Marx’s cultural criticism deepening, but also indicates the reality of Marx cultural critique. Through the criticism of the espoused values of bourgeois national economics, especially for "alienation of labor" and "fetishism" phenomenon, Marx fully perspective and comprehensive display the capitalist economy activity is based on economic ethics and it will inevitably lead to people’s survival and development of slavery against human moral behavior. It can explore the subletting alienation and the reality of the physical and chemical ways though the reveals of the root.Focusing on the comprehensive development of people’s survival and freedom is the ultimate value of Max’s cultural criticism. Max’s cultural criticism theory is investigating from that culture is people’s survival way and the relationship between man and nature of culture. It profoundly reveals the various forms of cultural alienation of capitalism are the cover of the true nature of capitalism, treating the cultural criticism of capitalism as an important part of overall criticism to further analyze the deep alienation of capitalism’s culture economic root and social root, thus to guide the proletariat to find eliminate cultural dissimilation and the realization of the reality of human liberation and freedom comprehensive development path. Therefore, Marx’s theory of cultural criticism has important theoretical and practical significance on solving the predicament of culture in the contemporary human society around the world and better promoting the cultural construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.