A Study On Conservation And Regeneration Of The Authenticity Of Traditional Villages And Towns With Incomplete Historical Style And Features

As critical legacy of human civilization,the traditional villages and towns are important parts of the international historical and cultural heritage conservation system.In recent years,the passion for researching on the conservation and development of traditional villages and towns has increasingly raised in China,yet previous relative researches were mostly focused on traditional villages and towns that with relative complete or integrate historical style and features.In that case,the theories and methods of protection planning of traditional villages and towns in China that mainly base on those researches usually reflect signs of maladjustment with traditional villages and towns without integrate historical style and features.In this dissertation,through a case study of Shawan Historic Town,which is incomplete in its historical style and features,a discussion is conducted on the authentic ways of conserving and developing those historic areas.The aim of this discussion is to obtain an optimum and dynamic developing pattern,which has concern on historical spirit and keeps on updating understanding and recognition.Three parts of this dissertation are developed respectively in a proper order of 1)recognition of problems and making research plans;2)analyzing problems and 3)solving problems:1)Recognition of problems and making research plans.First of all,in the first chapter,major problems in the current protection planning methods of traditional towns and villages with incomplete historical style and features in China are pointed out,namely,the limitation of“circle layered” conservation,the lack of systemize in the appropriate spaces for future construction,insufficiency of perspicuity and intergrity in implementation procedures of conservation and development,etc.Secondary,in according to the above-mentioned problems,the Shawan Historic Town,one of the “National Historic and Cultural Towns”,is chosen to be the study case because of its historical and cultural value,deficiency in historical style and features,and the complexity in its historical relics and ruined historical special texture.Then,researching condition of the conservation and development of domestic and overseas traditional villages and towns—including the Shawan Historical Town—is reviewed in this part,and the inadequate in previous researching achievements of the Town is further noted.In the end of this part,condidering particular reaserching object(The Shawan Historical Town),and basing on above-mentioned problems,then the targets,ranges,methods and frames of the study are clearly defined.2)Analyzing problems.In this part,the authentic historical scene of the Shawan Historical Town and problems of its current situation are analyzed and reviewed.In the second chapter,the geographical environment,social politics,economics,culture,and other historic backgrounds of the Shawan Historic Town are analyzed basing on research methods on anthropology,sociology,historiography,economy,geography and other disciplines,and then the Town's general course of its development and evolution are systemized.The aim of this chapter is to find the particular system levels of breakthrough and the main contents for the authentic historical scene research in the Town.In the third chapter,based on the comprehensive understanding of the developing background,evolutional course,individuality and other factors of the Town,and supported by the perspective and methods of interdisciplinary studies,the historical situation and current issues of multilevel authentic spatial patterns and other system levels that are important to the conservation and development of the Town are verified and analyzed in depth.These multilevel authentic spatial patterns and other system levels are the critical basis of the historical informational system's integrity of the Town,including the authentic landscape pattern which reflecting traditional waterside features in the region south of the Five Ridges,the authentic “clan-Tanka(??,the Dan People)” spatial pattern which reflecting different social and cultural natures and different spatial forms,the authentic commercial spatial pattern which reflecting the developing and prospering of small commodity economy,the authentic religious beliefs spatial pattern which reflecting utilitarian pantheistic worship,the authentic out-door spatial pattern which reflecting community communication,and the representative intangible cultural heritages,etc.3)Solving problems.In the fourth chapter,the “pattern”,“star point”,“vitality”,“sacrifice” and other critical ideologies in Chinese Go game principles are used for reference respectively to analyze and to extract the protective and control elements of the multilevel authentic spatial patterns and other system levels that are important to the conservation and development of the Shawan Historical Town,and then to explore the relative conserving methods for each element.Further in this part,the Map Overlay Method is used to integrate a element chart of comprehensive conservation and controlling for the Shawan Historic Town's authentic scenes.Based on the chart,new methods for solving the critical protection planning problems of the traditional villages and towns with incomplete historical style and features—such as the limitation of “circle layered” conservation,the lack of systemize in the appropriate spaces for future construction,insufficiency of perspicuity and intergrity in implementation procedures of conservation and development—are provided in this part.In addition,the practical procedure of the Shawan Historic Town's conservation and development over the past decade is reviewed and analyzed here,followed by offering solutions to the related difficulties and hot issues.After experiencing the period of “Land Reform”,"The Great Cultural Revolution " and the high-speed urbanization development in recent decades.,now there is a great quantity of traditional villages and towns that deficient in historical style and features in Chinese mainland,and there is still a lack of researches for authentic conservation and development of these areas.Therefore,to start relating studies in this field is with great practicability value.The major contributions of this study are: 1)to explore and form methods of dividing protective ranges of traditional villages and towns that deficient in historical style and features;2)to explore and form methods of systemizing proper space for further construction of traditional villages and towns that deficient in historical style and features;and 3)to explore and form general methods of implementing procedures of conserving and developing of traditional villages and towns that deficient in historical style and features.