The Research Of The Modern National Governance System

The research method of this dissertation established at the foundation of using and reassessing of "state-society" framework and reflection of modernity. In the1990s, Governance theory is increasingly popular, National governance become a research hotspot, Along with the deepening of the research, we have paid more attention to building the modern national governance system, what's more,"Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform" was adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on November12,2013, building the modern governance system is very important for our nation, so the research of governance become very necessary. And the article have five parts.The first part is about the origin and development of governance theory. Governance theory originated from the west. From the "government" to the "governance", the social management way have a great change, in the process of the development of the governance theory in western countries, governance have became two parts:one is "good governance", another is "common governance". Good governance is not only a response to the traditional governance failure, but also the value pursuit of governance. It means legitimacy, transparency, accountability, rule of law and responsive. While the common governance emphasizes the interactive process and institutionalized. In china, Governance theory has the branch of traditional and modern, the traditional governance mainly means Confucian education, have two parts, one is the official, another is the non-official. Modern governance can be divided into two parts by1978.from1949to1978, our nation emphasize "The people's democratic dictatorship ".while after1978, we emphasis on coordination between different classes. One hand, on the premise of socialism, reference more western governance theory. One the other hand, connecting national governance to the transformation of the government, country under the rule of law, harmonious society theory and practice together, making governance are endowed with different significance of the mission from western countries. From the view of history,"governance" in authoritarian, democratic and national have showed different forms. The second part is about the definition of national governance system modernization basic connotation. On the view of governance, the nation is a set of people community, mainly including the government and the society, means governments, NGOs and citizens within the established through various channels for public affairs management. To build the national governance system need to deal with three pairs of relations well:the state and society, government and market, and official institutions, social organizations and citizens, modern national governance system includes three aspects:good governance, rule of law and common governance. Good governance is the value orientation of modern governance system, The rule of law is the system guarantee of the national governance system modernization, and the common governance is the national management system of modern operation mechanism.The third part consists of three chapters, which introduce good governance, rule of law and common governance. Good governance means the governance is good and successful, which achieve the optimal level of governance and maximize the public interest. What's more, good government is the key to achieve good governance, which requests us to establish a service-oriented government. Rule of law is the basic part of modern society, which means the good law have the highest authority. To establish national governance system, the construction of government ruled by law is very necessary. Common governance can be understood as co-governance, namely in order to manage the public affairs and provide public services and realize the management of sustainable development goals, the multiple and independent social agents based on certain rules of collective action through game mutual accommodation and mutual participation to form a variety of public affairs management system or organization pattern. The emphasize is on stress the governance body possess pluralistic and the development of cooperation mechanism, and in the context of China, the key of the problem is to establish the public administration, namely to reconstruct the government on the basis of public service responsibility.Part four is the analysis about the modern contradictory movement under the national governance system. There is a closely connection and interactive mechanism among good governance, rule of law and common governance under the national governance system:the rule of law pursues "good" as the goal in order to achieve "common good". Good governance needs institutional support provided by the rule of law in order to avoid evil consequence under the cover of "good"."Good" is multivariate and shared governance should be reflected as good on Communication and compromise, common good and achieving the real "good" by shared governance. The function of rule of law is to avoid the "majority tyranny", and common aspiration provides legitimacy for the role of law.The fifth part is a analysis of the sample for the modern national governance system, which use the food safety management as an example. The nature of the food safety management is a kind of national governance. In the food safety management, security is one of the biggest "good", the management of food safety is also necessary to resort to and promote the construction of a service--oriented government. By the rule of law means to solve the problem of food safety has become a consensus, and it is particularly important to control food safety through legislation, law enforcement, judicial and other means. Yet fundamentally solve the problem of food safety requires the state, society and people with joint efforts, forming the overlap of ideas, achieving consistent action, and implementing the shared governance of food safety issues. In combination with China's current situation, food safety management must be combined with the transformation of government functions, implementing the food safety problems of government regulation to social autonomy, integrating it in the construction of service, law and public society.