On The Financial System During Integration Of Urban-Rural Compulsory Education In China

Non-equilibrium development of compulsory education in China has been research focus in academic fields. As the crucial factor that supporting development of compulsory education, finance is main breakthrough of the education gap between countryside and township. This research starts with practical matters of unfair compulsory education investment between countryside and township, basing on theories of public economics and education finance, reveals the connotation of compulsory education's balanced development, and builts an analytical framework of compulsory education financial system. And on this basis, it empirically observes contributions financial funding makes to a balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education, analyses affecting factors of urban and rural compulsory education resource allocation, screens drawbacks of the present compulsory education management system and financial funding system, and makes advices on overcoming those drawbacks. In the content, this dissertation raises problems firstly, giving the subject in the study, and introduces the basic concepts and theories related. Then setting the Issue of "Law of compulsory education" as dividing line, it presents and analyzes the histories of basic education financial input system before "Law of compulsory education" and compulsory education financial input system after it. The paper probes into the specific role of finance in integration of urban-rural compulsory education, analyses and sums the financial goals for integration of urban and rural compulsory education on the basis of the historical background of urban and rural integration It maks empirical analysis of compulsory education financial input in recent years, examines finance's adequacy, equity, efficiency and freedom and discovers issues, and dissects institutional hurdles and policy factors that cause the gap between urban and rural compulsory education investment and problems of compulsory education on the accompanying children of the rural workers. On the basis of learning the financial policies fostering balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education and dealing with financial problems of the compulsory education of floating children from the U.S. and Japan, this paper raises the idea of the reform approach to urban and rural compulsory education integration. Given the uneven levels of economic development between countryside and township are the fundamental cause of the compulsory education development imbalance between urban and rural areas, as a solution to the imbalance in urban and rural compulsory education development in our country, the compulsory education financial system should be promoted from the highly dispersed one with local governments being mainly responsible for the financial investment to a moderately centralized one with the central and provincial governments being mainly responsible. All levels of governments' fiscal responsibilities should be made clear, the principle of division of powers and financial resources should be appropriately configured, the proportion of the investment of the central and provincial governments should be increased, and the financial transfer payment system should be rationally improved. To deepen reforms of compulsory education funding system, uphold the principle of diversification in funding, set up the three levels of government as a whole compulsory education formula funding system, set central government to be responsible for the primary co-ordination of educational expenditure, provincial governments for the secondary co-ordination, and local governments for guarantee input. To build government budget system, funding system and financial subsidy system for non-governmental schools of compulsory education on the accompanying children of the rural workers. To deepen reforms of compulsory education fiscal expenditure system, strengthen standardizations of school running conditions, teacher preparation and cost per student. To deepen reforms of compulsory education fiscal supervision system, establish relevant laws and regulations and evaluate system, providing safeguards for policy execution from the system construction platform.