The Research On The Normal Education Of Shanxi Province In The Period Of The Republic Of China (1912-1937)

The normal education, as an important part of the whole educational system, experienced arduous development course from independent set-up, co-management to the construction of the multi-component open system in intense turbulence social reform and transformation development during the period of the Republic of China and has exerted deep influence upon the development of Chinese society in modern times. Starting with the normal education in Shanxi province of the Republic of China, by absorbing and using reference of the previous research results, by combining the research methods of regionalysocial history, educational history and political history, this research attempts to investigate the history evolution process of the normal education in Shanxi province of the Republic of China, explore the development tracks f national training schools, rural normal schools, female normal schools and so on in different historic stages and their influences on Shanxi's social transformation, analyze the self-transformation development of the normal education in Shanxi and its influence upon the national politics, local governments, social conducts, rural society, people's lifestyle and etc., sort out the relationship between Shanxi's normal education and Shanxi's social transformation and even China's modernization construction, and then consider the interactive relationship between normal schools, society and the country. Through the investigation into the normal education in Shanxi province of the Republic of China, it can not only broaden the research fields of the local normal education history and even the national normal education history, enrich our knowledge of the diversification and individualization of the normal education, and manifest the characteristics of the normal education in Shanxi province of the Republic of China which has great historical significance, but also provide realistic enlightment to the reform and development of our present national normal education system.The first part mainly introduces the origin of the normal education in Shanxi province of the Republic of China and the cause of topic selection, makes a retrospect on the academic history of Shanxi normal education and summarizes it. It puts forward research ideas, methods, frames, contents and innovations. In part two, the construction and operation of the national education reform, normal education and Shanxi's normal education is investigated from two aspects to further deepen understanding of Shanxi's normal education in the period of Republic of China. In part three, the research is carried on several forms of the normal education in Shanxi province during the period of the Republic of China, and lays its emphasis on the relationship between Yan Xishan and the founding and development of the national system in Shanxi whose inner constructing and operating systems are illustrated. The interactive relationship between the operating systems of the national training and Yan Xishan's administration to Shanxi province is uncovered. The function of the normal education in Shanxi rural areas is realized that it helped the re-establishment of the rural order, education reform and the village reform. And the female normal education in Shanxi province accelerated the awakening and the feminist movement. It is the founding and development of the normal schools that fostered the revolutionary seedbed for the growth of the new power in Shanxi province, which pushed forward the collapse of the local feudal system and the reestablishment of the new system in Shanxi province. Part four is the summary component. In this part, the relationship between normal schools and local society as well as the country is discussed from the appeal of the Chinese modernization. At first, from the angle of the self-development of normal schools, the characteristics of the normal schools in Shanxi province are summarized. That is to say, the distinct characteristics of the normal discipline education shall be analyzed and predicted during the developing history of Chinese normal education in the the Republic of China from the following aspects:independent debate, vocational pursuit, professional supervision and free policy. At the same time, the complex relationship between the normal education and the local society and even the country during the period of the Republic of China shall be reconsidered profoundly through the microscopic research upon the normal schools.