Research On The Theory And Practice Of Physical Education Teaching Approaches Based On Students' All-Round Development

The 21st century is the era,in which high-tech is the core of the knowledge economy.The 21st century is also the era,in which the population structure is more diversified,technology more developed,the level of informationization higher,and the demand for people's innovation higher.In order to cope with this change,China's basic education reform implement the quality education,reinforce the concept of "cul-tivate moral personality",develop students' core competences,and constantly stress the need for changing teaching approaches.Hence,it is important to improve the the-oretical framework of PE teaching approaches,and promote the transformation of PE teaching approaches.This research has adopted documentation,interview,questionnaire,observation,and experimental methods to collect data related to students' comprehensive devel-opment and teaching methods.The research also employed the knowledge map analy-sis,content analysis,induction and comparison method as well as matching sample T test,and independent sample T test,to process the data qualitatively and quantitative-ly.The results showed that:1.The core of domestic and foreign basic education and physical education cur-riculum emphasizes the overall development of students,stressing "holistic educa-tion." Students' overall development is from micro-,meso-and macro-levels.The mi-cro-level development includes the core abilities and quality.At micro-level,Health and PE develop two aspects:(1)the general core of discipline,including:communica-tion skills,critical thinking,language skills,responsibilities,respect,and creativity.(2)the core of PE,including:knowledge of PE and health,athletic ability,safety awareness,sporting ability,aesthetic expression,physical fitness,sportsmanship,and emotional control.2.The connotation of the teaching approaches of physical education is the ex-plicit and implicit ways reflected from the agreement between teachers and students in achieving certain teaching objectives.The explicit ways include language and behav-iour,and the implicit ways in thinking activities.The ways of explicit activity con-tains the macro,medium and micro three levels,mainly reflecting interpersonal rela-tionships and teaching elements in the teaching process.The macro-level teaching ap-proaches mainly embody the teaching concepts.The meso teaching style is mainly about the teaching style and teaching models.Whether it is the development of teach-ing styles or teaching models,the highlight is the transformation from teachers' teach-ing to students' learning and development.The decision-making in the teaching pro-cess shifted from teachers' absolute decision making to students' partially decision-making power.3.China's PE teaching approaches are still at the periphery,not into the "bone marrow".The current problems are:(1)the concept of physical education teaching reform has been generally recognized,but in practice,it is still very difficult to im-plement.For instance,the current physical education teaching is still values "master-ing the discipline" and "learning process ",while not students' core qualities,self-actualization,and social responsibility.(2)It seems the actual teaching process has changed,but in essence,it is still "teacher's teaching as the centre",not the "students'learning" or "students' development".(3)The actual physical education teaching pays more attention to students' movement learning,while less consider the overall devel-opment of students and the cultivation of core quality.4.Students' overall development was developed upon the macro level of educa-tional concept,"learning as the centre".Three types of teaching are identified:the ac-ceptance,meaningful acceptance,and meaningful discovery.Meaningful acceptance and meaningful discovery are unique in basic meaning,adaptation category,basic characteristics,teaching approaches and models,implementation requirements,but also share similarities:(1)teaching philosophy highlighting the "student-cantered"teaching,and the modification of the teacher-centred,(2)equal,harmonious,friendly and cooperative relationship between teachers and students,(3)safe,comfortable and supportive teaching environment,(4)a variety of forms of teaching and learning plans,avoiding uniformity,rigid dogma,and obedient behaving,and(5)focused and efficient teaching strategies.5.The "cooperative learning,is related to the overall development of the stu-dents.Cooperative learning is helpful in achieving the target area of sports and health curriculum than routine teaching.Cooperative learning makes the students developing"communication ability,teamwork ability,responsibility,thinking ability,learning ability,interpersonal relationship,basic knowledge and skills,participation degree and pleasure degree",which are better than the development in the conventional PE teach-ing methods.Through the implementation of cooperative learning,the teacher's teach-ing concept,the way teachers teach and the way students learn and the relationship between teachers and students,have changed.6.Even the benefits for students' overall development,it is still very difficult to implement cooperative learning.For instance,students do not have the ability to co-operate learning;teachers do not understand the cooperative learning;teachers cannot find a balance between complete the teaching tasks and training students to learning ability,and teachers do not have enough time to design the teaching materials.Hence,to use cooperative learning,PE teachers need to pay attention to these four aspects.