| The 13 th Five-year Plan aims to accelerate the urbanization of rural migrant workers and make an overall arrangement to promote equal basic public services.Based on this background,this dissertation,on the one hand,discusses how to coordinate conflicts of land value-added benefits of multi stakeholders by making overall arrangements of people,land and money,and on the other hand,it tries to answer how to solve social comprehensive security and financial support of local economic development to promote sustainable urbanization of rural migrants after rural migrants coming to the city.The main contents of the research include the following seven aspects: first,literature review focusing on rural population migration,rural land circulation,non-agricultural land value-added income distribution in the process of urbanization is carried on;secondly,related theories and methods such as Labor Force Migration Theory,Land Property Rights Theory,Landtax Theory,Grounded Theory,Synergetic,Game Theory and Data Envelopment Analysis are introduced;third,the process of urbanization of rural migrant workers,the process of non-agricultural use of farmland and the relationship between the two processes are described;fourth,the formation of non-agricultural land value-added income is analyzed by using the related theories,and value-added income distribution in land expropriation link,transfer link and re-development link is deconstructed by statistics;fifth,reasonable allocation of non-agricultural land value-added income is discussed based on the urbanization cost sharing;sixth,relative efficiency of non-agricultural land value-added income distribution policy is comprehensively evaluated by using Data Envelopment Analysis and related factors are analyzed;finally,optimization measures to promote non-agricultural land value-added income distribution policy to maintain sustainable development of rural migrants urbanization are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows.Non-agricultural land value-added income mainly comes from links of agricultural land expropriation,land transfer and re-development and the distribution of multi-parties' interests is uneven.By using Land Property Rights Theory and Landtax Theory,multi-agent relationship model of non-agricultural land value-added income distribution is constructed within the framework of the current China's land system.On this basis,multi-agent distribution relations of non-agricultural land value-added income in the link of agricultural land expropriation,land transfer and re-development are measured by using the panel data.In terms of land value-added income distribution,land developers rank first,the followings are local governments,land-expropriated farmers,central government,departments supporting and benefiting agriculture,and other subjects.The proportion is as follows: 62%,15%,12%,7%,2% and 2%.Currently,distribution of land value-added income brought by the development and utilization of non-agricultural farmland presents the following characteristics: first,rights and interests of relevant subjects endow different times because of system vicissitude;secondly,influenced by social and economic development,changing land market price causes large fluctuation in value-added income distribution between different years;third,factors such as non-agricultural land construction,land transfer mode significantly affect land value and thus affect interests distribution of the related subject.Public cost-sharing of urbanization is in fact a feeding behavior after governments win profit through non-agricultural land use.Through multi-agent game of cost sharing of rural migrant urbanization,it is found that it is a bad strategy for local governments to provide migrant workers comprehensive welfare,and it is a strictly bad strategy for the central government to "cooperate" with the local government to use transference payment policy.Even under the "urbanization" appeal,what the central government does is only to select to cooperate with local governments to promote urbanization strategy.Whether migrant workers or government,both choose urbanization path according to expected net income.Both macroscopic data and microscopic case verifies that public cost-sharing of urbanization is in fact a feeding behavior for landless farmers after governments win profit under passive urbanization situation.On the basis of analysis of land value-added income and urbanization cost sharing,it is put forward the mechanism shared by government-led,enterprises,and migrant farmers,and it ensures that local governments benefit from urbanization,and emphasizes duties of local governments match with financial power.Overall efficiency of value-added income distribution policy is low while the extensive use of land resources has been improved.Research shows current income distribution policy is of positive significance,and meanwhile it implies economic risk of government debt crisis and social risks of mass protests for farmers' land rights and interests.By data envelopment analysis,it is found that the overall efficiency of value-added income distribution policy is low.National average efficiency value between 2000 and 2013 is 0.597,while room for improvement is 40.3%;but from time dimension,efficiency of allocation policy has experienced the evolution process from high to low and from low to high;efficiency value of distribution policy varies greatly between provinces,and absolute ? convergence analysis shows that extensive utilization of land resources under the background of catch-up urbanization from the national level has been preliminary improved.Related factors that may influence efficiency of the allocation policy are analyzed by using Tobit regression model,and it is found that the ratio of secondary and tertiary industries to GDP above 5% plays positive role in affecting the efficiency of distribution policy,while the income gap between urban and rural areas,the ratio of local fiscal spending to GDP and the urban population density are negatively related to the efficiency of allocation policy.Non-agricultural land value-added income distribution policy should stick to four optimization directions and only through systematic reform can we maintain continuous optimization.This dissertation innovatively defines the connotation of sustainable rural migrant urbanization and argues that income distribution policy needs to adhere to safeguard farmers' land rights and interests,avoid falling into the middle-income trap,promote sustainable rural migrant urbanization and advance the share of land value-added income.In the next reform,it is to consolidate rural collective land ownership;to deepen the reform of land requisition system;to deepen the reform of the land paid use;to improve land tax system design and to innovate financing system of urbanization.However,optimizing the allocation policy of land conversion value-added income also needs to form a complete set of household registration and social security system reform,and it is difficult to realize the systemic optimization through piecemeal improvement.Reasonable allocation of non-agricultural land value-added income is a long-term,gradual process.Under the background of the new urbanization,the government,on the one hand,needs to get rid of extensive mode of making money through land,and on the other hand,it is faced with financial pressure brought by improving public welfare.If the migrant welfare is not based on the increase of production efficiency,it is likely to encounter with middle-income trap which is of excessive welfare essence even by adjustment of reasonable distribution of land rights and interests and improvement of urban and rural welfare.Therefore,dispute of simple “public appreciation" and “protection of private right” can't solve sustainable urbanization of urbanization migrants.Only considering "people flow-land flow-wealth distribution – efficiency improvement" in an overall way can we realize " assuring development and protecting resources,rights and interests and environment" new multidimensional urbanization goal. |
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