| The imbalance of Regional development has been the basic problem that restricting regional coordinated development in china.In the early stage of the 8th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development,China began to reduce the regional gap as one of the main tasks of regional economic coordinated development.In "the 9th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China",the government had clearly put forward the "adhere to the coordinated development of regional economy,gradually narrowing the gap between regional economic development" as China's next five years and even to 2010 long-term economic and social development of the important guidelines.In 2015,the“13th Five-Year Plan" proposal pointed out:"the overall regional development strategy based on 'One Belt and One Road' construction,the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River economic belt construction as the lead,the formation of the coastal economic belt along the longitudinal axis of the main lateral economic belt.”From the "economic zone" to "economic axial belt",means that the regional development in China in the next five years will pay more attention to the overall coordination,promote regional coordinated development by cultivating a number of growth pole,to maximize the role of radiation,as the economy has maintained rapid growth in the region to cultivate broad development space.The results of a study of the State Council Development Research Center show that since 2004,the per capita income difference in all regions of China showed a declining trend,the supply of basic public services in different regions has narrowed,the variation coefficient and Gene coefficient of inter provincial fiscal expenditure per capita were also decreased.However,the problem is still more prominent,for example,the free flow of labor in space has been limited by system defects in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of residence,social security,basic public services and other aspects,these factors influence the resource allocation efficiency,In addition,a multitude of regional preferential policies make the regional policy toward to a fragmentation tendency,to a certain extent it also distorts the price signal,and causes the resources doesn't in accordance with the principle of optimal efficiency of allocation.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region belongs to Gyeonggi powerhouse,near to the Bohai Sea,backed by Taiyue area,carrying embrace the "Three North",it's in a very important strategic position,This region maintains China's most dynamic economy,the highest degree of openness,the strongest ability of innovation,and one of the most populous areas,but also an important engine to stimulate China's economic development.At present,the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is facing many difficulties and problems,especially Beijing excessive agglomeration of non-capital function,"urban diseases"problems,excessive expansion of population,increasing congestion,air pollution,and housing prices continued to rise,social management is so difficult that trigger a series of social problems,which caused the extensive concern of the whole society.At the same time,the Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region has a serious shortage of water resources,groundwater overdraft,environmental pollution problems become more seriously,the relationship between man and nature has become the most intense of China's eastern region,the most serious contradiction between resources and environment,ecological overload prevention for the most urgent areas,coupled with the regional functional layout is not reasonable,the structure of the urban system imbalance in Beijing and Tianjin,the two poles are too fat,but the surrounding cities are too thin,the regional development gap is too large,especially the development gap between Hebei and Beijing-Tianjin Cities,the Hebei,public service level drops significantly.The above problems trigger the urgent need to strengthen the national level overall,orderly ease Beijing's non-capital function,and promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei provinces.Promoting the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei is to adapt to China's economic development which has entered a new norm,coping the increase pressures of resources and environmental,the imbalance of regional development have become increasingly prominent challenges,we need to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development,cultivate new growth momentum and a new growth pole,optimization of regional development pattern is also the reality need,it is of great significance.There are deep-seated contradictions and problems to break the long-term accumulation of capital development,and upgrade the core functions of the capital,so we can solve the "urban diseases" out of a Chinese characteristic way;it is conducive to the improvement of city agglomeration form,optimizing the distribution of productive forces and spatial structure,build a strong competitive world-class city group;it also lead to the new normal economic development,comprehensive docking "One Belt and One Road"and other major national strategy,in addition,it enhances the driving ability of radiation around Bohai area and Northern hinterland,and make greater contribution to the national development and all-round opening.Promoting the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is also to explore the path of reform,and the need to build institutional mechanisms for regional coordinated development.The imbalances of regional development is a persistent problem,The long-term existence of these problems is closely related to the factor flow facing explicit and invisible barriers,lack of co-ordination mechanism of regional development.the uncoordinated and unbalanced development in Beijing-Tiarnjin-Hebei area is the most complex and most prominent contradictions,it has the highest degree of concern,and the most difficulty to solve.To promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,it should be based on their respective comparative advantages,based on the requirements of modern industrial division,based on the principle of regional strengths,and based on the concept of win-win cooperation,to build the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city group as the carrier,in order to optimize the regional division of labor and industrial layout as the key to the elements of spatial planning we should use the main line to build a long-term mechanism for the starting point,from the breadth and depth of development,we must deepen reform to break the administrative barriers,and build a unified regional market opening,the new system of coordinated development of regional planning will be established,then we can explore a new road to promote national regional coordinated development.This study is based on a review and comment on the summary of domestic and foreign industrial agglomeration and regional development practice,according to the existing literature;we explore the path of the area by the unbalanced development to balanced development,and then find the way and mechanism from the perspective of industrial cluster.On the one hand,we provide some feasible theoretical ideas for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional coordination in the crack of major strategic and key development;on the other hand,we put forward to some targeted and meaningful policies and suggestions according to the analysis of ideas.The main meaning and value contains several parts,one is to help find areas of industry of Beijing-Tianjin?Hebei agglomeration and coordination mechanism of regional development;two is helpful for extracting and summarizing the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area industrial agglomeration and regional development of a variety of practice;three is to help promote the innovation of economic theory and regional development of industrial agglomeration;four is to help propose the policy and suggestions on the basis of the analysis.This study identified two dimensions of regional industrial distribution investigation,namely dimension density difference of regional industrial spatial agglomeration and dispersion based on division of labor and the structure dimension measurement based on specialization and diversification.In order to fully grasp the two dimensions of regional industrial distribution evolution,we put the two dimensions of interaction consists of four types:the first type is the professional specialization and agglomeration rising at the same time;the second type is the diversification of specialization and agglomeration are decreased;third types is a professional specialization and agglomeration dispersion rise decline;fourth types is professional and diversification of the rise decline agglomeration.These four types constitute the basic framework for understanding the international experience and observing the practice of Beijing Tianjin and Hebei.In each of these four types,there is a complex relationship between each type and the income gap between regions.On the surface,Kuznets's income inequality a.nd the development of the inverted "U" type model is related to Williamson's regional income inequality,the inverted "U" type model is relevant,this research also shows that the relationship between regional industrial distribution and income gap is not balanced,with balanced industrial distribution among regions,the income gap between regions is also changing from expanding to shrink.Combined with the new economic geography and the practice of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Industrial Agglomeration and regional development,the two basic factors of the character and evolution stage of transport costs and institutional policies as an explanation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei in the industrial agglomeration and regional development.The new economic geography mainly uses the transportation cost factors explain the change of regional industrial distribution,industrial distribution and changes of the division of labor is not fully applicable to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region explained,only by the system and policy factors can well explain the Beijing Tianjin Hebei area industrial agglomeration changes and regional development,any of the two factors in a changes will be on the distribution of regional division of labor and industry influence.Therefore,we need to combine these two factors,transportation costs are basic,system and policy oriented.Through this combination analysis,can explain the differences between Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and other regions of the development path.For example,although in recent years,regional transport conditions improved,according to the logic of the new economic geography,regional distribution of the industry should be tended to be uneven,but throughout the manufacturing industry competition under the system of decentralization blossom everywhere,repeat the construction of market segmentation and meet the eye everywhere,causing serious local protectionism.The transportation cost is reduced further,market integration policy step by step,the pursuit of economies of scale and agglomeration economic benefit resources cross regional flow before a large number,which will promote the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region to the professional development of the diffusion stage.On the basis of the above theoretical analysis,this paper firstly expounds the characteristics of regional economic development in Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region.Including the comparison of the Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region regional economic development,the evolution of regional industrial agglomeration evolution of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region industrial division,and dynamic change of regional economic disparities between the Beijing and Tianjin Hebei,the analysis also includes the relationship between the Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region relative per capita GDP and industrial similarity coefficient,the Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region relative per capita GDP relative to the average wage and the relationship of industry similarity coefficient.Secondly,it analyzes the causes of industrial division and integration development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Province.To accelerate the reform and opening up,accelerate the development of Beijing-Tianj in-Hebei region industry equilibrium,the degree of division of labor industry between regions has increased,the regional income gap is also in decline,the characteristics of specialization and diffusion,which is mainly due to the improvement of infrastructure of regional market integration caused by the decline in transport costs and government coordination to promote cooperation,this part a detailed analysis of the driving factors of this two aspects.Thirdly,it analyzes the trend of coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Using the above basic model,this paper summarizes the stages of industrial and manufacturing agglomeration and diffusion in the provinces of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,and analyzes the development trend.At the same time,combined with the favorable conditions of regional economic integration in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region,the trend of coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is prospected.Finally,we make conclusions and policy recommendations.The research results show that the development of Beijing Tianjin Hebei region confirms the preliminary hypothesis about our industrial agglomeration,division and regional coordinated development stage,namely the professional level and regional income gap can be realized at the same time.Combined with the development stage of industrial agglomeration in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the overall development strategy of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Province,the corresponding policy recommendations are given according to local conditions.In this paper,the research of industrial agglomeration and regional coordinated development in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei has formed the following views.First,with the development of market economy,industrialization and urbanization,the regional industrial distribution and income gap are corresponding to each other.The regional industrial distribution experienced a wave process from specialization agglomeration to diversification diffusion and specialization diffusion.While the regional per capita income gap presents a Kuznets inverted "U" model.This process realizes the agglomeration economies and economies of scale through factor flow and industrial transfer,which promotes the narrowing of regional income gap and promotes the deepening of regional division of labor.Secondly,the relationship between industrial agglomeration and regional development has stage characteristics.According to the classification,the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is changing from the proliferation of diversification into the stage of specialization diffusion.Because of the industrialization development mechanism from the administrative allocation of resources to the market allocation of resources,market allocation is to recognize the regional resource endowment and international market location difference as the premise,which led to the development of Beijing Tianjin Hebei region the opportunity to vary,which features of Beijing Tianjin Hebei region within the professional stage.Finally,the institutional and policy factors play an important role in the transformation of the stage of the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.The two factors of transportation cost and system and policy promote the change of regional industrial structure distribution.The new economic geography emphasizes the effects of transportation costs on the industrial distribution changes,but the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region since 1990s,the transportation infrastructure has been greatly improved,the transportation cost decreased significantly,but the regional industrial agglomeration not only significantly,but the emergence of a variety of diffusion phenomena.This diffusion is not the result of the flow of resources,but the result of local governments investing heavily in the region.Therefore,the maintenance of a unified market.,promote the flow of elements of regional integration policy has become the focus of accelerated entry into the stage of specialization. |
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