| Rural tourism is not only a popular type of tourism,but also a new form of interaction between urban and rural areas.It is very important for individual development and social development.Although there have been new countryside into the traveling wave,the original development of a good rural tourism to the decline of the situation is also quite common.Investigating its reason,the changing demands of tourists are one important factor.But at present most of the rural tourism research has focused on tourism policy,management and impact,etc.,and the research on tourists experience is relatively few.Even in this field,it mainly focuses on the marketing experience,experience product design and in-depth analysis of specifically for the rural tourism experience itself is rare.How to study the tourist's rural tourism experience better?In addition to comprehensive and detailed observation and analysis,the concept of research and methods are also very important.In the field of current research of tourist experience,the concern of tourists'bodies is gradually increasing,and forms the theory of embodied experience,which represents the forefront of tourism experience theory.Inspired by this theory,embodied experience of tourist has become the focus of this study.This problem contains the dual demands of the author:on the one hand,it is expected to give a deeper understanding of the rural tourism experience with the theory of embodied experience;On the other hand,it is also hoped that the empirical study of the rural tourism experience can promote the development of the theory of embodied experience.Therefore,the rural tourism experience and the theory of embodied experience constitute the theoretical goal of this study.In the empirical part,the specific intention to explore problems including what unique feelings that tourists intend to obtain in rural tourism,how they act in rural tourism,as well as the intrinsic motivation to promote their travel pleasure.As experience is internalized in the body,it has a great deal of tacit for the subjects.So in addition to using non-participatory observation,semi-structured interviews and network text collection to understand the experience of tourists,it still tries to capture more situational and tacit experience with the methods of sensory ethnography,go-along and impressionistic tales etc.It carried out 16 scene surveys to 10 villages of Shandong and Henan Provences from February to October in 2016,each research time ranging from 1 to 4 days,interviewed 29 tourists,accompanying documentary 5 times,collecting 76 internet articles such as travels media reports,WeChat public numbers etc and is also with the work of recording,taking photos,writing the log and memo data recording.On the basis of this,the data analysis and theory construction are mainly made by grounded theory.The study is divided into four parts,a total of 7 chapters.The research contents and conclusions are as follows:The first part includes Chapter 1.It introduces the basic issues such as topic selection,research significance,research methods,innovation points and so on.The second part includes Chapter 2 and Chapter 3,which is a speculative discussion on the basic theory of tourism experience.Chapter 2 presents a new understanding of the attributes of the tourism experience.In the three aspects of the nature,characteristics and forms of the tourism experience,the study of the empirical characteristics of the intermediate level is still weak,so that the relative unity of the experience connotation and the diversification of the experience type are often difficult to be effectively coordinated.To solve this problem,first of all,from the perspective of experience and formal knowledge,it distinguishes the concept of experience from etymology and semantics,and then draws on the representative view of Voltaire,Merlot-Ponty and Dewey about the experience to clarify the academic connotation of the experience,and finally combines the specific tourism behavior and related research results,puts forward to the tourism experience characteristics with specific,situational,mobility and generality.On the basis of this,the future research is forecasted,and the study of tourism experience is needed to return to the main body of tourists,to strengthen the real-time experience of tourists in the natural scene,and to focus on the perception,emotion and behavior of tourists.The third chapter is the theoretical outline of the body form of tourism experience research.Paradigm has the significance of deepening the theoretical understanding of the phenomenon,condensing the academic community,and promoting the development of the discipline.The research on the experience of tourism has accumulated some theoretical and empirical results,which has the ability to form a new paradigm and promote the transformation of paradigm.First of all,this chapter summarizes the motivation and process of the paradigm evolution of authenticity,gaze and performance,and puts forward the advantages of the body in the understanding and interpretation of the "abnormal phenomenon" of tourism.Then it explains the connotation of the body form the aspects of ontology,epistemology and methodology.The study suggests that the embodied paradigm holds the "body-subject" ontology,and the tourism experience is the process of the interaction between the tourists and the travel world through the self-body and the existence of the meaning.As to the appearance of the embodied experience of tourism,it is necessary to make a comprehensive understanding of the theory of semiotics and non representation,based on the epistemology of "super representation".The methodological principles of acquiring field data,deepening the description of the phenomenon,revealing the process of action and involvement in the research situation are put forward.Finally,it points out the practical ideas,daily life orientation,the concept of relational materialism,microcosmic perspective,and the reference value of these characteristics to future research.The third part includes chapters 4,5 and 6,which is an empirical study of the experience of rural tourists.The structure,process and motivation of rural tourism experience are analyzed concretely.Chapter 4 focuses on "form" of rural tourism experience,and puts forward that the rural tourism is the actor network which is formed by the sense of the body and destination.Abandon sensory classification of the past research,summing up the body sensation rural tourists eager to gain in a more comprehensive level,including a sense of comfort and a sense of tranquility,freshness and cleansing,novelty and re-feeling,independent and sense of home inns,etc.The concept of"body feeling" is put forward,that is,the overall awareness,experience and response of the tourists to the world of communication in order to restore the emotional and rational,physiological and psychological,sensory and significance of the tourists experience inseparable integration state.Also,it Sums up 4 kinds of typical landscape patterns such as the background landscape,seasonal landscape,human landscape and patchwork landscape of rural tourism,and attributed to the "sense of landscape" category on the basis of its sensitivity.Finally,it makes a reflection in the concept of "landscape",emphasizes its multimodal perceptual,the interaction between subject and object,the connotation of the instant generative and social construction.Chapter 5 focuses on the "dynamic" of the rural tourism experience,and puts forward that the experience of tourists is based on their physical practice.Time and space are not only the virtue of experience,but also the object of experience.First of all,to extract the four kinds of ways to practice the bodies of tourists:the encounter is the occasional appearance of tourists and is expected in the process of escape experience,brings opportunity and vitality of the original ordinary mediocre experience;The search practice is the active involvement of the tourists in the travel world,which is derived from the curiosity of the tourist,the expectation from the unknown to the known,from the uncertainty to the certainty;Implementation refers to the instantaneous gesture,action and behavior in tourism experience.Its essence is to make tourists get self existence and sense of control in the specific sense of body dynamics;Dwelling is a kind of more soothing and long physical operation practice.It has the tendency of tourism life,including daily life and daily behavior in the content,but filters out repetition,mechanical,boring and other negative meaning.Second,the analysis of the three tendencies of tourists to the space experience:the space is shown as an exploration and it offers a procedural framework from unknown to known and makes tourists experience a sense of discovery,which is generated for the space experience;The openness of space to lift the original physical boundaries of tourists,people really into the rural world,resulting in relaxation,freedom of feeling,is a free space experience;Elements of the country culture and traditional aesthetic influence tourists' perception,judgment and imagination,which makes the country,the poetry and painting together,showing the romantic ethereal image.This is the poetic experience for space.Finally,summary of tourists experience on the time span and the dimensions:the natural environment of the rurual cycle,the social cycle of production and life,the slow progress of material landscape process so that tourists can feel the vitality and deep sense.Tourists experience the past and get a sense of history and through the sense of time and the consumption of time to experience the sense of existence;While the rural scene with modern,fairy tale and future colors is a sense of fantasy.Chapter 6 focuses on the "situation" of the rural tourism experience,and considers that the contradictory movement between the different experience and the repeated experience promotes the formation of the pleasure of tourism.First of all,it illustrates the differences and the repetitive game process and performance form.Tourists in rural tourism is not entirely to seek difference,they also hope to feel safe and comfortable.Difference and repetition constitute the basic contradiction in the experience of rural tourism.Among them,the ordinary experience and extraordinary experience are representative of the experience of repetition and the difference of experience.Secondly,the concept of "rhythm" is presented to characterize the difference and the result of repetitive movement,and to explain the different sensory sensation and the generation mechanism of life modality.Put forward three perspectives of:the macro,the concertchatology of tourism and daily life constitutes a whole life and tourism is the efforts of modem life rhythm.Medium,rural tourism is activities from urban to rural daily life and a trip to a variation between urban and rural areas;On the micro level,the rural tourism is full of different rhythm and the overlap between each other makes the tourism experience full of vitality and significance.Also,the author makes a descriptive definition of the tourism rhythm:the tourist experience in the process of experiencing the self and the external world of the stage changes.When the rhythm is felt by tourists,it becomes a"sense of rhythm";The one which can make tourists feel the rhythm of the landscape,is called "rhythm landscape." Tourism rhythm is the basic reality of the rural tourism world.Time,space and perceived movement are the basic condition of the rhythm.Differences and repetition are the root cause of rhythm and the body is the center in tourism rhythm.The fourth part consists of chapter 7 separately,summarizes and forecasts the research,mainly combing the body feeling,feeling the landscape,physical practice,physical and temporal,differences and repetition and rhythm and other areas,on the basis of which,rural tourism experience "embodied field" model is establishmented.The innovation of this research mainly includes:First,using grounded theory to analyze the experience of tourists,to build a "embodied field model" of rural tourist experience,revealing the rural tourism experience in the basic contradictions,the body mechanism of experience construction and process.Second,for the first time,the comprehensive reflection of the research on the tourism experience has been made to clarify the connotation of the system,which can provide some inspiration for the future study of tourism experience.Thirdly,new concepts and propositions such as rhythm,exploration,bodily experience,splicing landscape,are put forward,the new perspective or the development of tourism theory beneficial,but there is still a lot of improvement.The shortcomings of this study are:First,the site investigation mainly chose a certain provinces in the rural tourist destination,and local characteristics of tourists experience have inevitably affected.Although the author collected other rural areas related to tourism experience data,in order to triangle correction,but the sample selection effect on the final form of the theory still exist.Second,quantitative research and qualitative research have advantages and disadvantages,but the two combination is undoubtedly more conducive to the improvement of the conclusions of the study.This paper is based on the qualitative method and inductive thinking,which can be used to extract the concept and construct the theory,but there is no validated through quantitative method.Third,due to the theoretical level and the knowledge structure of the researchers,there is still not enough in the processing and analysis of the research data. |
PDF Full Text Request