| Coal resources are the main energy resources in China,about 60%of the primary energy.At present,the total amount of "three-under-pressure" coal in key state-owned coal mines is as high as 13.8 billion tons.The exploitation of overburden coal resources will become an important way to release coal potential.With the rapid development of market economy and rural economy in China,the area occupied by villagers and enterprises is expanding year by year,and the phenomenon of coal pressure under villages is more prominent.The problem of coal pressure in villages not only directly affects the normal production of mines and shortens the service life,but also seriously restricts the sustainable development of mines and affects the healthy development of local economy.The relocation of coal villages is directly related to the normal production of coal enterprises and villagers,to the life of villagers and the relationship between workers and villagers,and to the interests and stability of society and coal mines.Former researches on the relocation mode of coal villages are mainly based on the perspective of coal enterprises,analyzing and researching the interests and demands of all parties concerned,so as to achieve the purpose of promoting the relocation of coal villages and releasing coal production capacity,so the modes have certain limitations.And the former research methods on the relocation power mechanism of coal villages are mainly traditional qualitative analysis,lack of quantitative analysis indicators and methods.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the dynamic mechanism of coal villages relocation process and find a scientific and reasonable coal villages relocation mode.The main contents and achievements are as follows:(1)This paper analyses the main modes of coal villages relocation,and summarizes the general situation,advantages,disadvantages and main influencing factors of three existing relocation modes of coal villages:traditional relocation mode,centralized relocation mode and "compensation before occupation" mode based on dynamic reclamation.It also analyses and summarizes the government,villagers and enterprises which are the three main stakeholders in the process of coal villages relocation.The main factors affecting the coal villages relocation in the existing relocation mode are summarized as follows:the financial guarantee of coal enterprises,the overall planning of the government and the formulation of supporting measures,the settlement of construction land in new villages,the area occupied by new villages and the reclamation technology of cultivated land.(2)Based on the analysis of the power source and power composition for the coal villages relocation,and according to the characteristics of the coal-pressure mining area system,four main system factors affecting the interaction between the construction and development of the mining area are summarized,and four subsystems are established:economic subsystem,resource subsystem,environment subsystem and population subsystem.Each subsystem uses a series of development level indicators and a series of coordination indicators to measure.By means of comparative analysis and questionnaire survey,the four subsystems are further analyzed and screened,and ten main impact indicators affecting the dynamic mechanism of coal villages relocation are finally obtained,including:total investment in coal villages relocation,GDP,land reclamation rate,total amount of coal resources released by relocation,person area of construction land for relocation villages,total population,urbanization rate,etc.(3)Using game theory,the relocation process of coal villages is simplified into a dynamic game process in which local governments,coal enterprises and villagers participate in the selection in turn.The process is divided into two sub-game stages:the formulation stage of relocation plan and the implementation stage of relocation plan.Through the analysis of the strategic equilibrium of each sub-game,the selection rules and influencing factors of the participants in different stages are obtained.There are"patience advantage" and "first-mover advantage" in the process of making the relocation plan of coal villages.Therefore,all parties involved should actively and early start the plan formulation and accelerate the negotiation speed.At the same time,the relocation process of coal villages should be well integrated with urbanization,new rural construction and local economic transformation and upgrading,so as to meet the needs of all parties and reach agreement on the relocation plan as soon as possible.In order to ensure the enthusiasm of the participants,we should strive to improve the overall benefits of the relocation plan,while ensuring a reasonable and balanced distribution of the benefits among the participants.(4)On the basis of dynamic game analysis,considering the interests of all parties involved in the coal villages relocation,a dynamic mechanism model of coal villages relocation based on regional economic development is established.And the economic value evaluation method is used to quantify the main parameters of the model,such as the overall economic value of the region before and after relocation and the total cost of relocation.Based on the analysis of the dynamic mechanism model of coal villages relocation,this paper puts forward a quantitative dynamic mechanism evaluation index system,which mainly includes three indicators:the total growth rate of regional economic value,the net growth rate of regional economic value,and the relocation cost rate of coal villages.(5)Quantitative analysis on the dynamic mechanism of all parties involved in the relocation of Chenmanzhuang Coal Mine is carried out by using the new analysis model and evaluation index system for the coal villages relocation.And the dynamic mechanism model of relocation in Chenmanzhuang Coal Mine is established,the main parameters of the model and evaluation indexes of the dynamic mechanism are calculated.Through index analysis,it can be concluded that the relocation plan is feasible,the profits obtained by coal enterprises are closely related to the price of coal,farmers' input is small but their income is also limited,local governments can harvest taxes and political achievements,and have the power to promote the development of urbanization and realize the transformation and upgrading of regional agriculture in the process of coal villages relocation.Through the quantitative analysis of the main factors affecting the power of coal villages relocation,such as the profit per ton of coal,urbanization construction and so on,we can see the great advantages of combining coal villages relocation with urbanization construction,industrial transformation and upgrading.Therefore,the optimization direction and suggestions for coal villages relocation are proposed:coal enterprises are the only economic power source in the traditional coal villages relocation,but the power of coal enterprises depends mostly on the profit of coal release,5o it is a better way to find new power sources such as the upgrading and transformation of regional industrial structure and the realization of local villagers' urbanization.(6)Based on the research of the dynamic mechanism and main influencing factors for the coal villages relocation,a new PPP model for the relocation is put forward.Taking the village relocation of Chenmanzhuang Coal Mine as an example,this paper designs the relocation scheme of PPP mode,studies the management mechanism of PPP mode,and obtains the evaluation indexes through the dynamic mechanism analysis.By comparing with the existing relocation modes and analyzing the main influencing factors,it is concluded that the PPP mode for coal villages relocation is feasible and effective,and has the advantages of capital,technology and management.It can better solve the regional economic development problems in coal-pressing areas,and has certain guiding significance for the coal villages relocation and the sustainable development of local economy in new economic situation. |
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