The Research On Characteristics,transformation And Evaluation Of Historic Pattern Of Seat Cities In Shanxi Province

Seat cities are local cities established under the administrative system of ancient cities in China,including prefectural cities,state cities and county cities.Its historical pattern was finalized in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.But because it was influenced by the war of the Republic of China,the dismantling city movement after the foundation of the country and constructive destruction after the Reform and Opening up,the pattern elements that play a decisive role in the integrity of historical pattern evolved into new forms.The existing literature does not systematically and completely summarized the transformation process and rules.The important content of historic city’s integrated conservation is the protection of historical pattern.The protection of historical pattern is based on the archetype of historical pattern.On the basis of scientific recognition of transformation content,the pattern elements are classified and differentiated.Therefore,by discussing the evolution of the historical pattern of the seat cities and carrying out systematically quantitative evaluations,it will provide a theoretical basis for the overall protection of the historical pattern of the seat cities.In this case,Shanxi province is the birthplace of Chinese culture,the agricultural and pastoral clash area along the Great Wall,and the rise of Shanxi Merchants’ civilization.In this wonderful environment,Shanxi has formed a perfect seat city system composed of local central cities,military defense cities,finance,distribution,industrial,mining and commercial cities.Today,Shanxi province is a large cultural heritage province.The historical strategic position,present relatively backward economic environment and relatively dry natural climate makes the seat cities relatively well preserved and rich in variety,which establishes a good foundation for this study.This paper uses the methods of literature and field exploration,questionnaire survey and interview,hierarchical time period analysis,ancient and modern transformation analysis,element deconstruction analysis,fuzzy set comprehensive evaluation and so on.The specific research contents are as follows.(1)The seat cities and the cities? historical patternsBased on the historical background of China,taking the governance system of successive dynasties as the clue,this paper discusses the development process of the urban system,analyses the urban spatial form of seat cities in the embryonic form of the Qin and Han Dynasties,the space development period of Wei and Song Dynasties,and the spatial setting period of Ming and Qing Dynasties.It also analyses control functions of historical pattern and pattern elements in the evolution of seat cities.(2)The characteristics of seat cities? historical patterns in Shanxi ProcinceCombining the natural and humanistic environment of Shanxi,the paper researches the characteristic mechanism of the city,including the farming civilization and the etiquette system,the military defense and the nine side system,the commercial circulation and the opening and the middle system and so on.It also researches the characteristics of the historical pattern of the regional seat cities.The characteristics of the historical boundary,the combination characteristics of the historical axis,the location characteristics of the historical center,and the system characteristics of the historical mark are also be studied.(3)Transformation of seat cities? patterns in Shanxi ProvinceIn the light of the historical background of the modern evolution of the city,the overall changes of the historical pattern are studied,including the expansion of the external boundary,the advancement of the development direction and the renewal of the internal architecture.This paper studies the transformation of historical patterns in various regional site cities including the continuity of the city structure,the pattern renewal of the financial malls,the pattern variation of industrial and trade cities,the pattern superposition of the distribution business cities.Combined with historical prototype analysis,the transformation rules of historical elements,such as historical boundary,historical axis,historical center and historical mark,are summarized.(4)Evaluation system of seat cities? historical patterns in Shanxi ProvinceIt mainly includes the integrity the clarity of historical pattern.Integrity is the degree of authenticity of the historical pattern,which mainly reflects the real situation of the historical pattern.Clarity is the recognizable degree of historical pattern,mainly reflects the transformation situation of historical pattern.The evaluation index system need to be constructed,and the 39 key seats of Shanxi Province need to be analyzed and commented on as the research objects.The research found that the seat cities in different districts of Shanxi province have different characteristics of the historical patterns.Different seat cities have formed the characteristics of various historical pattern elements.There is a differentiated historical pattern in the different districts of Shanxi province.The transformation of elements of historical pattern in different site cities have many laws,such as the transformation of boundary discontinued,the transformation of axis linear,transformation of central functions,transformation of symbol systems and so on.Passing the evaluation system,the results of cluster evaluation and single factor cluster evaluation of the overall pattern of sample site cities in Shanxi are obtained.