Growth Mechanism And Education System Of Excellent Agricultural Mechanization Talents

The growth and cultivation of agricultural mechanization talents is one of the important directions of agricultural system engineering research.At present,the development of Agricultural Mechanization in China is changing from "relying on material input to relying more on innovation drive",and is in the critical period of talent training from focusing on individual technical skills to the overall development of human beings.Since 2010,the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Rural Agriculture have launched the Educational Training Plan for Excellent Engineers,the Educational Training Plan for Excellent Agricultural and Forestry Talents and its version 2.0.Taking this as an opportunity,it is of great practical significance to construct a scientific and reasonable training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents for solving the contradiction between supply and demand of high-level agricultural mechanization talents.The research on the growth and training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents is an organic subsystem in the field of agricultural system engineering.Referring to the systematic methodology of WSR,guided by the systematic thinking of Desire,Investigation,Objective,Model,Coordination and Proposal,this paper analyses the concept and connotation of the training of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents,and puts forward the main content frame of the research.In the undergraduate education of agricultural mechanization and automation specialty,based on the theories of agricultural system engineering,statistics,economics,human resources management and pedagogy,the outstanding agricultural mechanized personnel are developed from three dimensions of knowledge,ability and quality by means of systematic analysis,such as talent evaluation theory,qualitative statistical method,system clustering analysis and DEMATEL method.This paper investigates and analyses the current situation of talent growth,identifies and analyses the factors that affect the growth of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents,constructs the standard system of training outstanding agricultural mechanization talents and carries out empirical research.The main contents and achievements are as follows:Firstly,from the perspective of agricultural system engineering,drawing on the competency quality model of talent quality evaluation and engineering education certification standards,the goal system of the growth of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents is constructed,and the endogenous driving force of the growth of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents is systematically analyzed and summarized.This paper chooses the A university’s agricultural mechanization students selected for the Excellence Program" to conduct a survey.Through the comparative analysis of their comprehensive quality evaluation results and the graduation requirements in professional certification,it is found that in the evaluation system with graduation requirements as the basic indicators,students tend to appear "attach importance to high-credit courses,despise low-credit courses" and "attach importance to professional courses,despise general education".Contrary to the "short board" effect of engineering education certification,comprehensive quality assessment has a more comprehensive and systematic assessment of students’ ability and quality,but its evaluation results are more used to motivate and guide students,and there is no mandatory restriction on whether students can meet the graduation requirements and tra:ining objectives.According to the relevant theories of educational phenomenology,educational ecology,human resources management and engineering education certification,the author constructs knowledge characteristics and abilities by means of systematic induction,combining with the relevant theories of engineering education certification,excellence certification system,graduation requirements of students and competence quality model,etc.,through expert interviews,questionnaire surveys and literature review.The goal system for the growth of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents is composed of three categories and 23 indicators:strength characteristics,quality characteristics(including explicit quality and invisible quality).According to the viewpoint of system science,this paper analyses and summarizes the causes of the endogenous driving force of its growth,such as the orientation of its growth goal,the follow of its growth law,the demand of personal value and the demand of talents’ innovation and development.Secondly,using the thought of system theory,this paper classifies and describes the impact of internal and external environment on the growth of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents,and identifies and analyses the elements of building the training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents.Starting from the four aspects of social environment,industry environment,policy environment and education environment,this paper points out that the overall development situation of Agricultural Mechanization in China is good,the quantity and quality of agricultural mechanization talents are constantly improving,the policy achievements of promoting the growth and development of agricultural mechanization talents are remarkable,and the excellent training system of agricultural mechanization talents is constantly improving.On the other hand,the situation of brain drain of agricultural mechanization is still grim.The existing talent reserve of Agricultural Mechanization in China is insufficient.The outstanding contradiction between supply and demand also affects the future development level of agricultural mechanization.On this basis,this paper collates and analyses the principles of building an excellent agricultural mechanization personnel training system.By means of field investigation,expert interview and literature review,and combining the foregoing analysis with expert opinions,this paper puts forward eight categories and 29 influencing factors of the outstanding agricultural mechanization personnel training system.Based on the relevant principles of educational ecology and DEMATEL method,the factors influencing the training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents were analyzed and identified.Quantitative analysis data are given through expert evaluation.According to the rules of DEMATEL method,the comprehensive influence matrix among the elements is constructed,and the comprehensive impact indices such as the degree of influence,the degree of influence,the degree of centrality and the degree of cause are calculated separately,so as to obtain the data of the elements that have an important impact on the construction of the excellent agricultural mechanization personnel training system.The research in this paper shows that the construction of training system is the primary task of constructing the training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents.Strengthening the construction of quality system represented by tracking,evaluation and supervision feedback is an important guarantee and independent condition for the construction of the training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents.More extensive exploratory methods,represented by the core content of scientific research practice,should be considered,and efforts should be made to meet the requirements of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents.The growth needs of students in Vietnam Agricultural Machinery and Chemistry.Thirdly,introducing the engineering education theory of OBE,this paper systematically analyzed the internal relationship between the growth target system and the construction of excellent agricultural mechanization talents training system.This paper chooses four agricultural mechanization majors selected in the "Excellence Program" as subjects,designs questionnaires based on cultivation status and growth orientation respectively,and distributes 239 valid questionnaires,and carries out reliability,validity,systematic clustering and qualitative statistical analysis of the questionnaires.By using SPSS software to carry out multiple frequency statistics on the questionnaire results,it is found that the current students’ awareness of growth and training objectives is weak,and their external achievement motivation has not yet been translated into internal achievement motivation,resulting in insufficient growth motivation.There is a structural contradiction between the design of the original training system and the system of students’growth goals.In order to solve this problem,this paper introduces the theory of supply-side structural reform and draws lessons from the description of late-development advantage in new supply economics:from the dividend brought by technology imitation and technology diffusion to the trend of gradual dividend convergence.From the perspective of supply-side observation,this convergence pressure should be pursued in a stable period after each supply-side innovation has been completed.Life opens a new era.It is concluded that the supply-side reform of higher education should be initiated by the higher education itself.The main motive force that affects the supply-side reform of higher education will come from the connotation construction of higher education.From the perspectives of agricultural mechanization industry,higher education and agricultural mechanization professional education,this paper analyses the supply-side reform ideas for the construction of excellent agricultural mechanization personnel training system,that is to say,we should focus on the construction of "connotation" as the core,based on the growth goal and development characteristics of excellent agricultural mechanization personnel,construct the talent training target system,take the quality of personnel training as the output of the inspection target,and take the teaching staff and the quality of personnel training as the output.Teaching resources,training process,student development,quality assurance and other five dimensions of the design of reform approaches.On the premise of ensuring the training objectives and specifications,we should comprehensively promote the supply-side reform in the training of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents by optimizing the teaching staff,increasing the input of teaching resources,improving the training process and links,focusing on the overall development of students,and establishing international quality assurance.Fourthly,it explores the construction of excellent agricultural mechanization talent training system and conducts empirical research.Agricultural mechanization and automation specialty of Jilin University,as the first agricultural mechanization specialty in China to join the Excellent Engineer Education and Training Program,has made a good interpretation for the empirical study of this paper.Jilin University’s Agricultural Mechanization Major entered the Excellent Engineering Program in 2011,and took the lead in launching a series of reform plans from training scheme design to curriculum structure content adjustment,from condition guarantee construction to quality control system construction.More importantly,the construction of its culture system is a dynamic and continuous process.The concept of teaching supply-side reform in this major has played a very important inspiration for the study of this paper.Based on the practical experience of the specialty,this paper focuses on the structural problems of supply and demand in the process of the growth of agricultural mechanization talents,combs out the structural problems of agricultural mechanization industry and professional education in Colleges and universities,and uses the theory of supply-side structural reform to analyze the reform of the training system of outstanding agricultural mechanization talents.The reflection and experience of this major in the process of practice also play an important and positive feedback to this study.Especially,as one of the leading units of engineering education certification for national agricultural mechanization specialty,the reform plan of this specialty has an important demonstration role for the same specialty in universities all over the country.