Bauhaus And USA

For almost a hundred years since its birth in 1919,Bauhaus has gradually developed into an insurmountable chapter in the art history.Whether in Modern Design or in Contemporary Art,Bauhaus can be considered a significant famous school,playing a key role in the field of macro visual art history.However,people seem to be more accustomed to accepting current results,but seldom think about the process of being formed.After the Bauhaus was closed in Germany by Nazi forces,a considerable number of Bauh?uslers were removed as “refugees” all over the world.In the process,the most important Bauhaus core members-the founder and the first director Walter Gropius;and the last director in Germany-Mies van der Rohe,chose to move to the United States.In addition,Lyonel Feininger,a New York-born European painter who created the cover of Manifesto and Program of Bauhaus;Josef Albers,who became the first Bauhaus schoolteacher from Bauhaus graduates;Anni Albers,Josef Albers’ wife;Marcel Breuer,who designed the Wassily Chair;Herbert Baeyer,who reformed the layout;and Moholy-Nagy,who emphasized scientific practice;all of them entered the United States.Although the process was arduous,they eventually gained the recognition of this new land and made tremendous impetus to the development of Contemporary Art and Modern Design in the United States and the world.In addition to these faculty members,quite active Bauhaus students such as Xanti Schawinsky and T.Lux Feininger,also enjoyed their foothold in the United States and played an important role they could not ignore.Although the process was extremely complex,the United States remained the fertile ground for the Bauh?uslers at the time.Through the discussion of nine chapters,this research attempts to systematically restore,analyze and expound the Bauhaus’ s development in the United States since 1933.Through the research on the United States,Germany,Britain,Austria,Italy,France,Switzerland,Japan and other countries,this dissertation analyzes the truth of the Bauhaus getting the current historical status through the United States with a combination of literature and positivism.This study will also reveal,as an immigrant country,how the United States gradually grown into a giant of the world art and eventually gained an important position of the Modern and Contemporary Art in the world.At the end of the study,at a time when Bauhaus was around for a century,there seemed to be a surge of excitement in the world.Perhaps Chinese scholars differ from the other countries in the world and have unique position,this will help to explain the Artistic proposition which originated from the Western Art in a different perspective.