A Tentative Study Of The Imperial Examination And The Achievements Of Juren Degree-holders In Ming Dynasty

By the inheritance on the basis of the previous generation,Ming Dynasty Imperial Examination System has carried out a lot of innovation and development.Consequently,a new social group which is juren(??)groups boarded the stage of history.From 1370(3thd of hongwu)until1642(15th of chongzhen)of 200 years,the number of juren in Ming Dynasty amount to more than ten million,had a profound impact on the political,economic and social life of the Ming Dynasty.As a transitional stage between the groups of jinshi(??)and shengyuan(??),the social identity of juren groups is somewhat embarrassing.Form the perspective of national management,government always tries to control juren as part of shengyuan,but form the perspective of reality;it's difficult to control juren because of their privileges different from the shengyuan.The contradiction between the two,turned juren into a group wandering between the officialdom and non-officialdom,privileged groups.From a career point of view of juren,compared with the chin-shih,the qualifications of origin stereotypes limited juren's access to the larger political arena.From the Middle Ming Dynasty more and more juren have hovered among the county-level officials,and the uncertain political future also contributed to the ethos of the group willing to degenerate.Occasionally ultra-pull move is often a harbinger of the court of high-level political struggle,to juren who in that position,although will get temporary prominent,but it is difficult to hospice.To be chin-shih is the ultimate goal of juren,and to most juren,unable to achieve the dream he examination itself has become the focus that juren most talked about.The examiner,the questions,the teacher and the student,the evaluation and elimination,all became the subject of a talk.In the eyes of juren,the seemly quiet examination hall indicated the direction of the imperial politics,no doubt,they has the most thorough understanding about Ming Dynasty Imperial Examination System.Provincial Examination exam is admitted to the critical juren.Under the provisions of the Ming Dynasty of Quota system,the number of the juren,in the region(province)has been in control in a fixed number.However,within the region is still the existence of such a distribution,seemingly free competition in the provincial examinations,whether there is a similar area limit.Clearance focus on provincial examinations recorded in the Ming Dynasty,we can also confirm-based and fair selection mechanism is also very likely to implement the Provincial Examination examination into.This understanding,we seem to talent now popular history and geography,with the possibility of new interpretation.