On The Evolution And Reconstruction Of Contemporary Chinese Policing Model

The police system was originated from the demand of the state and society,it is an important part of national security and control functions,also it is necessary to achieve the social order and public security.With the deepening reform and opening up,the development of the civil society,the speeding up democracy' process and the economic integration after joining the WTO,China,s social structure and civil life forms have undergone fundamental changes.For example,social class differentiation,heterogeneity of ideology expanding,cultural values multivariate fission,its middle class grows,the interaction of network virtual world,the risk society coming to initiate the new security uncertainty.The control model of policing and instrumental rationalism discourse system has been difficult to take time for the new changes of social security.In view of this,this research seeks to construct the reform of policing model theoretical analysis frame,and then discusses,then put forward the path and countermeasures of police reform,in order to contribute to promote the innovation of Chinese policing model.Because of the scarcity of public policing resources,government's main responsibility is to provide basic security and order to the society,it is impossible to satisfy the social organization and individual members of all the security requirements,which requires the government to use market mechanism and social mechanism to complement to the police system,in this concept,the police system was divided into the public policing and private policing,the public policing is mainly supplied by the police,the private policing is mainly supplied by the service corporation and the social volunteer.The police force is centralized by the police to maintain the public order,safeguard public security and criminal prosecution,the service corporation and the social volunteers meet the needs of the individual consumer safety and community security,at the same time,also bear part of the maintenance of public order,it is a part of public service supply.The research mainly focuses on the following problems:the first is the policing mode evolution;the second is the construction of the policing mode innovation theory framework,from the perspective of service government,to put forward the connotation,the value goal,the operation mechanism;with the basement of the government,market and society three dimensional structure theory,The New Institutionalism,multi-center governance theory,to investigate the police service structure,the concept of diversified supply,the realistie background and the path selection;The third is from the perspective of the police service supply system and the socialization,to establish the concept of public policing and private policing concept,their responsibilities and tasks,the operating range,the value goals,constraints,dynamic mechanism and theoretical analysis of the relationship;the forth is the realistic background of the implementation of the police service mode,the existence problems and opportunities in the Chinese context.It has important significance in four aspects of this study:(l)to help to enrich the theoretical system of police studies.Through the history and reality,the policing function and goal,operation and function,comparison and reference,the background and opportunities,mechanism and evolution of the normative analysis and scientific proof,to construct the policing model theory analysis framework,to lay the foundation for the police service mode theory system.(2)to explore the scientific connotation of policing model to meet the needs of the Chinese realistic demand.Providing the further consideration of the core concept and operating the mechanism of the police service,and to provide scientific basis for the reform of Chinese police service,to enhance the police reform theoretical maturity and authoritative guidance.(3)to help to reveal the importance and the urgency of the innovation of the policing model.With the further analysis of the value of the current police policing model,the challenges and opportunities,the existing problems and defects,to show the urgency of the service policing,then arousing the attention to promote the policing reform.(4)to explore a path to the service policing development,promoting the development of the reform of the police.With the analysis of the constraints on the current China service policing construction,clarify the power and the bottleneck of the Chinese service policing development,to promote the breakthrough for the innovation of the policing model,to provide decision-making reference for the policing reform.The main findings of this study have the following four points:(1)four attributes of the policing connotation.Police activities coexist political,legal,professional and social attributes.The police behavior results are the mixed product of the four attributes by a certain proportion,but in different historical periods and different countries,the ratio of the police constitute is different.(2)the logic of the Western policing model evolution.The Western policing model undergoes three stages:the dominating policing model,management model and the service policing model and five evolution periods:"occupation","professional","legitimacy","rapid response mechanism" and "service and contingency".(3)the construction logic of the service policing.The police as a public product,must be made by the government,market and society,it requires the separation of the core functions and edge functions,the edge functions transfer to the market and social functions.(4)the path selection of Chinese construction of a service-oriented policing.The evolution of Chinese policing compression causes the coexistence of a variety of ideas and policing models,also causes' the feature of "set",the assembly not only covers the policing model elements of Western police all previous evolution,but also.includes the dependence path of the informal policing in the ancient society and the route of the masses of the people's democratic dictatorship.All these factors are restricting the construction of China,s service-oriented policing model of police power,only with the constitutional concepts to promote the reconstruction of police power,based on the social supply under the multi-center governance framework and implement the policing supervision system under the administrative ethics,in order to improve our service-oriented policing.The main innovation of the study in three aspects:the first is the research perspective.This research is from the new institutional economics and institutional perspective to study the policing mode innovation.The second is about the research methods.This research uses the normative analysis method to make the framework of the concept,connotation,operation mechanism of service-oriented policing.The third is about the research theory.In this paper,the core concept of contemporary public management research,such as government,market and three dimensional society structure theory,public product and public service theory,multi-center governance theory is applied to the police service model,and actively explore the path and countermeasures to adapt the construction of local police.As the limitations of my knowledge and the complexity of the police system,the shortcomings of this study lies in:(1)only focus on the macro theory research of the police service,the research on the mechanism of service police operation is only limited to qualitative research,quantitative research is not done.(2)the study of power mechanism and the bottleneck of construction our service-oriented policing are mainly limited to the normative analysis and qualitative research,the relevant subjects will and power are without a thorough investigation and study.(3)the research on the police market supply mode,regulation needs further study.