Research On Service And Management Of Urban Floating Muslim Population In The Eastern And Middle China

Flowing migration is an inevitable trend with the development of economy and society.When a country transforms from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society,it will experience the historical progress of labors moving from agricultural field to non-agricultural industrial fields and the rural farmers to urban labors.In traditional China,farmers have deep emotion on land.For thousands of years,they are content with their lifestyle and are not willing to leave their hometown.However,under the impact of modernization and urbanization,farmers move to urban area in order to improve lives and seek better future,which formed an unprecedented trend of migration.Among these migrants,numerous people are Muslims with unique ethnic culture.Since 30 years of reform and opening-up,more and more Muslim migrants move to cities for living,which have formed a special group.With their migration into cities,Muslim migrants make great construction to urban economy and society,and promote the exchanges among ethnic groups,the development of the city and its cultural diversity.However,it has also brought pressure to the urban infrastructure construction,transportation,public security and more challenge to service management.Among the Muslim migration in the western area and the eastern area,the difficulties and obstacles exist not only in household registration system but also in language,culture and religion etc.Ethnic affair matters much.The service management for Muslim migrants not only relate to their livelihood in cities but also to the whole social stability and unity even to our country's modernization construction.In other words,to provide service management for Muslim migrants has become an important part of urban ethnic work.However,there is a gap between the service management and realistic need in China.Because of this,the author studies in details about the basic condition of the migrants in China and their characteristics and makes deep survey on the service management to Muslim migrants.First,through referring numerous documents and papers at home and abroad,the author has learned the regulations of migration,migrants' formation and present features.On this basis,the author made a comprehensive survey on Muslim migrants in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Nanjing and Wuhan by using method of multi-point fieldwork,knowing their basic structure,main original places and migration channels as well as the economic,social and religious life in their living cities in details.In this way,the author has accumulated the first-hand information on studying management of Muslim migrants.To provide necessary management and humanized service for Muslim migrants is the need of urban ethnic work.Meanwhile,it is also the fundamental guarantee in building a harmonious ethnic relations and in realizing the country's security.On the basis of much information on service management work of Muslim migrants and various experience of different cities,the author summarized the community service management like mode of point to area in Beijing,mode of "three communities" linkage in Shanghai,collaborative mode in Nanjing,grid mode in Guangzhou and the integrated mode in Wuhan,analyzing the practical experience,summing up the common characteristics and finding out the disadvantages.For better service and scientific management on Muslim migrants,it is necessary to pay attention to them and meet their demand.In this paper,the author took survey about Muslim migrants' demands through questionnaire and interview,finding that they have needs in employment,their children' education,religious life and social identity.Therefore,in sight of protection of minority rights,the author put forward the point of caring about Muslim migrants' need.It is necessary for related governmental department to provide service management for them.Finally,aiming to problems existing in flowing Muslim migrants and their service demands,combining with the basic theory points on new public service and polycentric administration,drawing lessons from foreign experience,the author put forward methods to promote management on urban flowing Muslim migrants.During the social transition in China,the service management on flowing Muslim migrants has become an important issue in the process of our modernization,which relates to the urbanization and equal basic public services.Therefore,we should make full use of the government,enterprises,social organizations,groups and flowing Muslim migrants themselves.What's more,we should innovate system mechanism,perfect the measures and quicken the steps aim at perfecting public service and social integration to realize stability and common development.