The Research On The Implementation Of Social Policy Embedded In The Network

Contemporary China is confronted with a difficult problem with practical significance,that is,the problem of policy implementation.At present,the research of policy implementation is mainly focused on the implementation of public policy in the Academic circles.However,the targeted research on the implementation of social policy has rarely been involved in the academic circles.Most of them just are passed social policy as part of public policy,and ignore the “sociality” of social policy implementation.Implementation of research as a “black box” in the field of social policy research,the research on it,on the one hand,makes up for the inadequacies of the implementation of social policy research in theory,expands the analytical tools for the implementation of social policy research,clarifies the interpretation logic of social policy implementation “off-samples” and constructs a system frame for the effective implementation of social policies.On the other hand,in practiceit helps to minimize the occurrence of “obstruction” in social policy implementation and improve the efficiency of social policy implementation,so as to achieve the expected goal of social policy and speed up the process of building a harmonious society.From the perspective of sociology,this paper puts the implementation of social policy in the network relationship.The social policy implementer,as a socialized individual,is subject to the formal institutionalized organization network and the social relationship network when he has the discretion of the policy.Constraints follow a “order-subordination” logic in a vertical,hierarchical authority-based institutionalized organization network,while the social network in which they are located embodies a “benefits-rights”.Relationships and rights relations are the main lines for social policy implementers to promote the implementation of social policies,and the specific social policy implementers' certain degree of self-interest considerations are the driving forces behind the implementation of social policies,and are a consideration of interest relations.This paper,taking the poverty alleviation policy as an example to explore the internal mechanism of the “embeddedness game” in the implementation of social policies embedded in the network:The implementation of social policy under the perspective of sociology and policy implementation under the perspective of public policy are different from the boundaries,the orientation of interest,and the content of research on the subjects and actors of policy implementation.Starting from the relationship between the essence of sociology and the relationship between individuals and society,we put the implementation of social policy actors in the framework of the whole social structure constraints,based on social trust,extended to social time and controlled by the dimension of social cost.In connection with the current situation of poverty alleviation in China,the main task of the implementation of China's poverty alleviation policy is to protect the welfare rights of the poor as a social citizen,and the main difficulty of the implementation of the poverty alleviation policy is the policy implementation aliasing,namely the “difficulties in implementing”.The reason for exploring the “difficulties in implementing” poverty alleviation policies in China is that the implementation of poverty alleviation policies is embedded in the network of institutionalized organizations and social networks.On the one hand,the implementers of poverty alleviation policies are constrained by the social structure of the network of institutionalized organizations and follow the principle of “The command-submissive” logic of action,as well as the discretion of policy enforcement;On the other hand,the executives of poverty alleviation policies are constrained by social relations networks on the basis of social trust among members.Such constraints restrict the implementation of anti-poverty policy implementers from the influence of the poor through “familiar” trust mechanisms.In the process of the game between the institutionalized organization network and the social relationship network,the embedded game mechanism is out of balance,which makes the output of the poverty alleviation policy implementation biased and the “difficulties in implementation” issue arise.To break through the predicament of the implementation of social policies and solve the “difficulties in implementation”,the balance of the embedded game mechanism is the key;to ensure the rational and effective implementation of social policies,and actively introduce third-party assessment mechanisms;to standardize the rational and effective implementation of social policies requires sound Accountability mechanisms;and the improvement of the quality of officials can fundamentally guarantee the effective implementation of social policies.The implementation of social policies in the context of precision poverty alleviation,through the establishment of a flattened institutionalized organizational network and the weakening of social relations networks,to achieve the precision of the implementation of accurate poverty alleviation social policy executives;through the establishment of vertical “standard” and horizontal “participatory” combined poverty households identify the access mechanism,to realize the precision of the implementation of accurate poverty alleviation social policy implementation objects,and realize the actuarialization of the implementation of precision poverty alleviation social policies through the construction of efficient and sophisticated anti-poverty policy implementation operating mechanisms and strict and accurate poverty alleviation policy implementation assessment mechanisms.