A Research On The CPC-integrating Rural Governance System

Rural governance is the foundation of state governance.An effective rural governance system has great significance for China to achieve good governance and modernization.Along with the founding of New China in October 1949,the CPC was transformed from a party leading people strugling for the national power to a party leading people holding the national power,the ruling area was changed from part of China to the whole country.Building a new rural governance system which is adapted to the state power is the most important thing for the CPC to consolidate the alliance of workers and peasants,and step into the process of industrialization and modernization.To build the new rural governance system,the CPC must solve two problems: the first is to realize the effective ruling of the central government to the countryside and consolidate the foundations of governance;the second is to realize the integration of different social resources in rural area and reconstruct a new political community based on the CPC.At the same time,to build the new governance system in rural area,the CPC faced two great challenges: the first challenge came from the history,traditional power system and feudal land ownership in ancient China had great inertia to obstruct the rebuilding process;the second challenge came form the reality,without the war background,it was not easy for the CCP to apply its experience in the revolutionary base to the other vast rural area and rebuild the social power structure.Based on the above factors,the CPC regarded the Marxist class analysis method as the starting point and most important principle of rural governance;treated organizing the peasants as the fundamental path to achieve the revolutionary and constructing goals,and built the CPC-integrating rural governance system.This system took the CPC's grassroots organizations as the core,and realized a three-step process and built a three-in-one structure including politics,economy and culture in it.The first step(1949-1951)highlighted the political construction,took strengthening national identity as the major goal,and rebuilt the rural political system by sending work group and party branches to the countryside.The second step(1952-1953)highlighted the economical construction,took establishing a collective economy of mutual assistance and cooperation as the major goal,and rebuilt the rural economical system through the implementation of land reform and agricultural cooperation movement.The third step(1954-1956)highlighted the cultural construction,took building a socialist culture as the major goal,and rebuilt the rural cultural system by clearing the influence of old culture and cultivating new citizens.Thus,a new CPC-integrating rural governance system was established.In this system,MarxismLeninism and Mao Zedong Thought took place of the Feudal patriarchal thought,the CPC branch and the poor class took place of the squire class,the collective economy took place of the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy,the new socialist culture took place of the feudal culture.For the first time in history,the rural area in China began its modernization process.The experience of rural governance during this period tells us that both of the traditional rural governance leading by the squire class and the Capitalism rural governance leading by the capital class can not solve the complex problems in the modernization process in rural area.Citizens in rural area must play an important role along with the government in the rural governance.On the basis of the CPC-integrating rural governance system,the CPC need to keep taking advantage of the socialism and make more innovations in the governance system to make it more suitable for the characteristics of China's rural areas in new era.