A Study Of The Relation Between The Government And Social Organizations,from The View Of Participative-Governance Logic

With the adjustment of the state-society relationship,the growing demand of the public for high-performing public services,and the practice of constructions of social governance communities,the relationship between government and social organizations needs new exploration driven by new issues,new perspectives and new materials.To explore the promotion of institutionalization of participative governance by the government and social organizations,the study on complicated relation between government and social organizations should be set under the framework that fits China's context and on the basis of institutional changes after the 40 years of reform and opening up and the action construction.Based on the research topic of institutionalization of participative governance by the government and social organizations,the dissertation constructs an integrated analysis framework containing the duplex theory of "institution" and "action" and tries to discuss the relationship between government and social organizations within the"nested institutional structure" put forward by the author after the full comparative analysis of pertinent literature.Set against the background of the historical evolution of the relationship between the nation and the society,the coming of the public service era and the prosperity of governance theory,the aforementioned discussion covers the possibility of the generation of participative governance and related institutions which is in nature the macro institutional environment.For further discussion,the dissertation analyses five dimensions,namely rule making,supervision and incentive,independence,axiological aims and actors' bonding methods,where process and characteristics of the institutional change in the 40 years of reform and opening up are demonstrated and the theory of participative governance promoted by constitutions,laws and policies is explored.Taking the government purchasing services provided by social organizations as an example,the dissertation uncovers and shows the process of constructing the participative governance action and analyses how the "spiral"construction has been institutionalized step by step.With an aim to study the influence of micro-mechanism on political and social relations,it tries to elaborate that the substantial issue of constructing the institution of participative governance lies in promoting the institutional nestification.Thus,the logic of participative governance for the society is the construction of institutional nestification,which is also the key idea of the dissertation.As a theoretical summary and countermeasure analysis of a study,this dissertation focuses on the problematic consciousness of institutionalization of the participative governance by the government and social organizations,to which it provides a general logical answer,from the micro operation mechanism "based on legitimation" and perspective of the bonding of the rule of law,policies and the mechanism.The dissertation employs the qualitative research methods.The author conducted the follow-up survey of a number of local government and social organizations,obtaining a large amount of first-hand information,based on which the methods of"process-event analysis",comparative analysis,"coding analysis",narrative analysis and technical methods have been used to systematically sort out and study the materials.Here are the research findings:To begin with,the institutional changes in the political and social relations are typically compulsory.Under China's unique political system and tradition,the ruling party's policy to promote the construction and governance of the society is the dominant factor and the driving force for the changes.Secondly,the focus of institutionalization of political and social relations has shown phased characteristics.The focuses of different phases are:the legitimacy of the executors,action norms,inter-executors relationship,relationship operation mode.These four focuses parallel with the four phases of the political and social relations in over 40 years of reform and opening up,namely:the phase of "regulation-dependence"(1978-1991),the phase of "control-divestiture"(1992-2001),the phase of" management-coordination"(2002-2011)and the phase of "equality-Co-governance"(2012 to present).In these four phases,elements such as rule making,supervision and incentive,independence,axiological aims and actors' bonding methods are presented in different combinations.In addition,the phenomenon of institutional dependence in the process of change shall never be ignored.How to overcome the"institutional inertia" is a major challenge for the transformation of political and social relations.Thirdly,the differences in action elements such as institutional environment,resource possession,actor's goals,action strategies,and actor's status show the phased features in the process of building political and social relations.These characteristics are inherently connected and continuous.For one thing,from the perspective of value,the actions of constructing the relationship is essentially a process of reshaping publicness.For another,from the perspective of fabric,the status of actors is dynamic,and its evolution reflects the reform intention of designers of institutions.The key to participative governance by the government and social organizations is to realize the division and balance of actors by adjusting the resource possession structure.Besides,from the perspective of methods,the action of the actor is strategic,which shows the rational behavior of the actor under the constraints of the existing institutional space and resources.Fourthly,interactions between the government and social organization such as"government's purchases of service by social organizations" present "spiral"construction characteristics,which reflects the unique action logic of multiple actors in the social governance field.That is,in the initial and normative stages,the system is an important structural factor of action;while in the optimization phase,trust and ethics become the key factors contributing to co-governance.The two sets of actions have different ways of logic operation and logic focuses,but they continuously and unifiedly cooperate with each other.Lastly,the level of nested institution construction has led to them becoming substantial issues the performance of participative governance by the government and social organizations and promotion of nested development of it.In a certain sense,the logic of participative governance is exactly the nested construction of the institution,and the "legitimacy-based" mechanism accounts for the complicated logic of the institutionalization of political and social relations.From the very perspective,this dissertation tentatively reveals the issue of "how to achieve participative governance under a nested institution":At the level of constitutional law,the dissertation promotes the basic right of citizens and responds to the transformation of social governance.At the level of policy,oriented towards the people,it improves the policy decisions and implementations.At the level of mechanism,it strengthens the vertical power distribution and horizontal policy diffusion,improving the mechanism of creativity and cooperation of social organizations.