| Nowadays we are witnessing major changes unfolding in our world,something unseen in a century.The world economy has been hit by the Covid-19,the big-power game and other factors.Located at the key location of the 21 st century maritime Silk Road,Vietnam has become one of the fastest growing economies in the world in recent years.In contrast to the "hot trade and cold investment" in China-Vietnam economic relations in previous years,the Chinese enterprises has been flocking to invest in Vietnam with the Sino-US trade frictions increasing since mid-2018.Some studies have shown that Chinese enterprises in Vietnam face double disadvantage and medium-high level of national risk.How to deal with the local institutional pressures from Vietnam has become an important problem for the Chinese enterprises in Vietnam.Based on the neo-institutional theory,the resource-based theory and the resource dependence theory,the study takes the Chinese enterprises operating in Vietnam as an example and attempts to explore the internal mechanism of the influences of the institutional pressures on the localization of human resources,the autonomy of human resources,and the enterprise performance and the mediate effects of the localization and autonomy of human resources.Besides,based on the research on the leadership style of senior managers,the study will research on the moderator effects of the different leadership styles.Specific point of view,this study will research on the following issues step by step:(1)How does the institutional pressures in the host country directly affect the performance of Chinese enterprises in Vietnam? how does the institutional pressures of different dimensions affect?(2)How does the institutional pressures of the host country affect the localization and autonomy of human resources of Chinese enterprises in Vietnam?(3)To what extent does the localization and autonomy of human resources influence the performance of Chinese enterprises in Vietnam,and what roles do they take between the institutional pressures and the enterprise performance?(4)Will the impacts of the localization and autonomy of human resources on the enterprise performance be different under the different leadership styles? Will the authoritarian leadership and the servant leadership have impacts on the above-mentioned mechanisms?Firstly,the study uses an explorative case study which covers 4 different industries.By taking the analysis process of the mutual confirm of the theory,the case data and the model frame,the study explores the relationships of the institutional pressures,the localization of human resources,the autonomy of human resources and the enterprise performance.The study demonstrates rationality of the research design by proposing proposition that the institutional pressures in the host country will significantly affect the localization of human resources,the autonomy of human resources and the enterprise performance.The coercive pressure has a negative effect,while the normative pressure and the mimetic pressure have a positive effect.The localization and autonomy of human resources also have a positive effect on the enterprise performance.Secondly,based on the existing research findings,the study takes indepth theoretical interpretation of the propositions derived from the explorative case studies through the data collected during the field survey of Chinese enterprises in Vietnam.The study proposes 36 theoretical hypotheses by revealing the internal mechanism of the relationships of the “institutional pressures in the host country-localization of human resources-enterprise performance”,the “institutional pressures in the host country-autonomy of human resources-enterprise performance”,“leadership style-localization of human resources and enterprise performance” and “leadership style-autonomy of human resources and enterprise performance”.Thirdly,the study provides the details of the design process of questionnaire and scale,conducts a small sample investigation and revises the initial survey questionnaire by internal consistency test,CITC test and exploratory factor analysis.Fourthly,after testing construct validity,composite reliability,convergent validity,discriminant validity and common method bias,the study does the formal empirical test of the theoretical hypotheses based on the obtained data from 257 effective enterprise samples through structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression model.Finally,the study describes the main conclusions and the theoretical contributions.After summarizing the strategies of Chinese enterprises to cope with the institutional pressure in the host countries,the study reports the lack of the study and the direction of the study in future.Through the research process above,the study reaches the following conclusions.(1)The institutional pressures include coercive pressure,normative pressure and mimetic pressure,whose extents of the impacts of the 3 pressures on the localization of human resources,the autonomy of human resources and the enterprise performance are different.The coercive pressure has a significant negative influence on the localization and autonomy of human resources,while the normative pressure and the mimetic pressure both have significant positive effect on them.The coercive pressure has a significant negative influence on the social performance,while the normative pressure has a significant positive effect on it.The mimetic pressure has a significant positive effect on both social performance and financial performance.(2)The localization and autonomy of human resources play different types of mediate effects between the relationships of the different institutional pressures and the enterprise performance.But the autonomy of human resources does not play a mediate effect between the relationships of the coercive pressure and the social performance.(3)The leadership style of senior managers plays a moderator role on the relationships of the localization of human resources,the autonomy of human resources and the enterprise performance.The authoritarian leadership not only plays a negative moderator role on the relationships of the localization of human resources and its social performance and financial performance,but also plays a negative moderator role on the relationships of the autonomy of human resources and its social performance.The servant leadership not only plays a positive moderator role on the relationships of the localization of human resources and its social performance and financial performance,but also plays a positive moderator role on the relationships of the autonomy of human resources and its social performance.The study achieves the following research progress:(1)The study highlights the importance of IHRM practices and explains the process on how the enterprises respond to institutional pressure in Vietnam.(2)The study explores the complex mechanism of the host country's institutional pressures on enterprise performance,that is,the institutional pressures can not only directly affect enterprise performance,but also indirectly affect enterprise performance through the mediating role of localization and autonomy of human resources.The leadership style of senior managers plays a moderator role on the relationships of the localization of human resources,the autonomy of human resources and the enterprise performance.(3)The study reveals the mix findings of the relationship of institutional pressures and the enterprise performance under the context of downstream OFDI.(4)The study makes up for the deficiency of empirical study on the Chinese enterprises in Vietnam. |
PDF Full Text Request