Study On The Survival Logic Of Private Social Work Institutions From The Multiple Interactive Perspectives

With the social development and transformation of social welfare,the reform of government institutions and the change of functions and the advancment of social work education and speciliazaiton,Social work institutions in China have obtained the rapid development.In theory,social work institutions based on market is becoming a new donor of universal social welfare.At the same time,many studies,reports and the experience of the author show the social work institutions are facing difficulties.Therefore,from the respective of resource dependence theory and dynamic resources theory,this study tries to start from the survival logic of private social work institutions based on resources exchange relationship among the agencies,government,market and survival to investigate the influence of the institutional environment on agencies survival and reveal the mechanism.Based on criticizing reality,the study tries to construct the point of multiple interaction from the welfare rights,form the ideal resource exchange structure to promote the survival logic of the need oriented in order to provide references for the development policy of social work institutions.Based on qualitative research,this study's data is collected through observation,depth interview and literature research.Based on in-depth analysis of the data,the study draws the following conclusions:privete social work institutions show survival hardship under the surface of prosperity for rising quantity and lack of resources is the primary factor causing the private social work agency strategies of survival;various strategies alleviated agency resource dilemma but also prompted institutional goals to replacement and dislocation;organizations operating in composed of market,society and government shaped survival logic of resource oriented in the end under a variety of pressure and the contradictory relationship.Power hiding in the resources is a significant force to form the survival logic of social work institutions.The study find private social work institutions use straty princles to save and gain more resources:applying the special funds to obtain financial resources;through reducing administrative management and human capital to save resources;through using speculative strategy in the service delivery.Although these survival strategies are not legitimate,but it can effeetively deal with the finaneial resources difficulties so it beeomes the operation logic of the institutions.But these strategies also make the institutions show the separation between characteristics of the form and substance names actual operation.The logic of survival mechanism began to slowly from the need oriented to resource oriented.Strategies of survival mechanism show the survival is not unilateral single handedly consequences but mutual shaping results.The real reasons of resource exchange between agency and market are immature market,low social recognition and imperfect social service system;the real reasons of resource exchange between agency and society are the legitimacy of the donation,the legitimacy of social identity and immature consciousness of citizen responsibility.In addition,all the other factors such as different objectives at all levels of government,different resources capacity and internal integration also effect resource exchange between agency and government.The private social work institutions operating among the three components,must simultancously deal with the following eontradlction:the defieient resources and value goal,the defieient resources and multi-objective.In these many specific relations and contradictions,the relationship between institutions and government is rhetorical.The formation process of rhetorical partnership is a process of struggling between need oriented and resource oriented and is also the evolution process of living logic after power interation.Based on the resource oriented survival logic,the article believes the ideal logic of survival depends on the appropriate resource exchange structure.Therefore,in order to change the organization survival logic fundamentally,we should take rights as welfare value idea,construct ideal resource exchange structure from the angle of need and in view of rights to welfare value idea and enhance the quality of services as the goal.In this framework,rights,responsibilities and resources exchange principle of different subjects have been adjusted.In addition,from the policy level,optimize the environment,overall supervision system,the first target is to optimize the environment,integrate supervision system and standardize the government purchase.At the same time,to strengthen the private social work agency service ability is the basic goal and make it become a new welfare donar to promote the implementation of appropriate universal social welfare.