Research On The Development Of The International Educational Technology Based On Mapping Knowledge Domains

At present,the international educational technology research has entered the stage of further development and comprehensive reflection.This illustrates the development of educational technology has entered a relatively mature stage,but on the other hand,it also illustrates discipline supplies,disciplinaiy structUre,discipline penetration of the educational technology have become more complex and diverse.Researchers and practitioners may not be clear of the whole development of the international educational technology.So0 it has become the problems to be solved immediately,which are to explore the status of the development,to capture the overall trajectories and trends,and to predict the cutting-edge knowledge evolution of the international educational technology.Therefore,in order to clarify these questions,we believe that it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive scanning and inventory of the status of the development in the field,to clarify the structure and seek enlightenment.This paper conducted in-depth analysis and inquiry of the literature data of the educational technology published in the SSCI,SCI-EXPANDED and A&HCI from 1960 to 2015,in Science Citation Database-WOS as the information source based on citation analysis and scientific knowledge map visualization analysis,and used the research methods combining qualitative with quantitative analysis,from the bibliometrics analysis,content analysis,citation spatial analysis,multivariate statistical analysis to social network analysis,to explore the development in the international educational technology,along the organic connection of inner development of three aspects:discipline supplies,disciplinary structure,discipline penetration as the research main line,to construct the development knowledge map of discipline supplies,disciplinary structure,and the discipline penetration,which strived to systematically sketch the development knowledge map of the educational technology,to draw the outline of the clear network picture of the development of evolution and development regularity of the educational technology,using visualization methods.Therefore,the purposes of this research are to explore the whole distribution of the countries(regions)and its evolution trends,the whole distribution of high-yield academic institutions and its evolution characteristics,the whole distribution of fund projects and its evolution characteristics,high-yield scholars and their academic-communities factions,and to detect the division of disciplinary structure and its evolution,the structure of the main research fields and its evolution,research topics and its evolution,research fronts and its development evolution and the new growing point,and to discover the distribution of subject category and its infiltration phenomenon and fluctuating rules,the evolution of academic journals and its information flow phenomenon and rules,main theories and the critical path of classical documents,discipline authoritative scholars and their co-operation phenomenon and rules of the international educational technology.The results found that:(1)Early educational technology research mainly concentrated in the United States,Britain,Australia and other developed countries,and gradually extended to Chinese Taiwan,Mainland China and other developing countries(regions)after the 21st century.Chinese Taiwan had developed enough international influence in educational technology research,which showed strong potential for international exchanges and strength.At present,it had formed the situation that roughly formed twelve major countries(regions)co-operation and cohesion subgroups,and which would present diversified cooperation in the future.The top fifteen academic research institutions mainly concentrated in the universities and colleges and research institutes,which played fully a mainstay role in the development of educational technology research and discipline construction.There were still big gaps between high-yield academic institutions and low-yield academic institutions.The relationship between the international educational technology research institutions presented the characteristics of dynamic evolution,which were divided into seventy different academic institutions cooperation condensing subgroup at different times.Representative high-yield scholars were still playing the leader role in the research of educational technology,and their academic achievements and scientific research teams contributed to the international educational technology research tremendously,and the scientific research co-operation among high-yield scholars showed a significant research model of the "small-world effect" and significant core-edge structure,which could be divided into different scholars cooperation condensing subgroup at different times.But there were still big gaps between scholar information sharing and the scientific research cooperation opportunities.The distribution of fund projects was consistent with the distribution of high-yield academic institutions in the field of educational technology.It presented positive correlation between capital investment and output in the educational technology.(2)The international educational technology research and discipline construction presented the overall sound development momentum,which formed gradually mature ten branch-discipline areas,but its internal structure change and development was extremely complex.From the evolution of disciplinary structure analysis of the international educational technology,existing branches and edge discipline branches of the international educational technology were not static,which would continue differentiation to the next level,and present the development trend of "tunneling expression" and "divergence expression".From the comparison of disciplinary structure of the educational technology at home and abroad,there were still big gap between them.The main research topics,research focus and research frontiers were greatly influenced by technology progress in international educational technology.The main research topics had experienced the transition,along with the six big stages of the preliminary exploration,preliminary application,transformation and upgrading,innovative practice,innovation integration and innovation promotion of the international educational technology.Research focus mainly included the learning environment and resources,strategies and methods,theoretical research,practical research and media technology.Research frontiers mainly included the creation and development of an interactive and distributed learning environment,online education,the design of the cognitive tools,complex learning-task behavior analysis,technology acceptance model,learning approaches analysis,expertise reversal effect,teaching/learning strategies based on learning analytics and smart learning environment development.Research methods gradually transformed from a single paradigm to empirical paradigm and multiple comprehensive research paradigm.(3)The international education technology had formed a relatively mature discipline research field.Research literatures in educational technology were mainly distributed in seven disciplines which were pedagogy,Psychology,computer science and so on,which of the model of knowledge production presented the evolution situation of interdisciplinary research and the endogenous type.Academic journals in educational technology successively went through the six big stages of the boom period,golden period,interdisciplinary combination period,and the heyday,where highly cited and highly centered authoritative journals of condensing subgroups emerged prominently such as Computers&Education.The top fifty highly-cited and highly-centered famous authoritative scholars emerged prominently such as Robert M.Gagne,Richard E.Mayer,and David H.Jonassen in the international educational technology,which were divided into the different high-impact scholars academic-communities factions at different times,which showed a signifieant research model of the "small-worid effect" and significant core-edge structure,which were divided into the thirty-four high-impact authoritative scholars academic-communities factions,where Seymour Papert,Robert M.Gagne,Richard E.Mayer,David H.Jonassen and Chin-Chung Tsai were in the core position.The highly-cited and highly-centered critical path of classical discipline literatures and frontier literatures were published in educational technology such as The Conditions of Learning,Principal of Instructional Design,Multimedia Learning(2nd Ed.),Theoretical Foundations of Learning Environments:Theory into Practice(2nd Ed.),etc.The forty kinds of the main theories and its framework models and the methods were formed in education technology research,which were based on the critical path of classical discipline literatures and frontier literatures,and still had high influence in the field of the education technology research,such as Learning Condition Theory,First Principles of Instruction,Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning,Constructivism Learning Environment Design Theory and its framework model,providing the intrinsic motivation for discipline differentiation and derivative.This paper put forward some suggestions and references for the educational technology research and its discipline construction in our country,from the research methods and paradigm transformation,the research object and localization of target,selection of the discipline nature and cut-through of the research level,the external environment support and discipline structure monitoring,cooperation of the countries(regions)and academic institutions,building of the professional academic journals to the construction of localization theory systems,based on the findings.