Research On China's Border Education Security

As border areas,the frontier of a country’s territory,are the precondition and foundation of national unity,whose stability affects directly the whole country,compulsory education in these regions gets its priority naturally in the national compulsory education plan.However,with the rapid development of economy and society in border areas,gambling and drug abuse here is becoming increasingly serious,and its social stability is faced with many challenges.In the case of compulsory education,there are also many problems compared with the mainland,like low quality of popularization,high dropout rate with significant differences between various counties,low rate of schooling completeness,and big gap in the enrollment rate between different counties.Besides,the quality of compulsory education here is poor,in contrast to the general standard,and thus to reach the goal of compulsory education designed by the country,there is still a long way to go.Current research of education safety is mainly on the concept,research perspective,influencing factors,legislation and its relationship with national security.However,the findings are not rich enough,lack of systematicness,and nearly blank in the study of the practical problems.Under this research background,the present project,Research of Education Security of Chinese Border Areas: A Case Study of Yunnan Province is chosen and established.Based on the basic elements of frontier education security proposed by this paper as well as former relevant theoretical results,an evaluation index system of border education security is established by means of focus groups,the Delphi method and the entropy method.Then by applying this index system as well as the statistical data and questionnaire,it makes an appraisal of the educational security of twenty six border counties in Yunnan province.On the whole,from high to low in 2012,their security levels rank as follows: Funing County,Luxi City,Zhenkang County,Tengchong County,Malipo County,Lancang County,Cangyuan County,Menghai County,Yingjiang County,Ximeng County,Jiangcheng County,Lvchun County,Longling County,Jinping County,Longchuan County,Mengla County,Menglian County,Maguan County,Gengma County,Jinghong City,Lianghe County,Hekou County,Ruili,Lushui,Fugong and Gongshan county.From the perspective of security growth rate during 2007-2012,the ranking list changes as Funing County,Luxi City,Zhenkang County,Tengchong County,Malipo County,Lancang County,Cangyuan County,Menghai County,Yingjiang County,Ximeng County,Jiangcheng County,Lvchun County,Longling County,Jinping County,Longchuan County Mengla County,Menglian County,Maguan County,negative growth in Gengma County,Jinghong City,Lianghe County,Hekou County,Ruili,Lushui,Fugong and Gongshan county.And by using the basic principle of fuzzy mathematics,eight types of education security region are classified.Class I,region of high safety level,areas that fall into this category are Jinghong City,Tengchong county and Jinping County,Luxi City,Funing County,Yingjiang County,Malipo County.Class II is of region of weak level in individual education safety,including Maguan County and Cangyuan County.Class III,region of weak level in school education safety,including Mengla County,Ruili,Menglian County,Longchuan County,Zhenkang Count.Class IV,region of weak level in national education safety,including Lushui County and Longling County.Class V is national education security-oriented,regions of this type include Hekou County,Lancang County,Menghai County.Class VI is school education security-oriented,including Gengma county only.Class VII,individual education safety-oriented,only Lianghe County belongs to this type;and Class VIII,low level of education security,regions that come into this group are Lvchun County,Gongshan County,Fugong County,Jiangcheng County,Ximeng county.The problems of education security in the border areas are embodied in aspects of national education security,school education security and individual education security.And the complex influencing factors of border education security can be categorized into three dimensions.The first dimension is geographical space,the second dimension social educational system composed of political factors,economic factors,cultural factors and social environment factors.The third dimension,the main body of education security,including government,school and family factors.According to the causal feedback and the regional division of border education safety discussed in the above,we construct an early warning and monitoring system of border education security leveling as green,orange,yellow and red,and accordingly put forward the intervention mechanism of education security of border areas.This system is of practical significance for the protection of border education safety level,the establishment of national education security strategy,and laying the foundation of border education security.It also contributes to the formulation of school education safety strategy,the insurance of border education safety,the formation of individual education security policy,and the sustainable development of border education security.Finally,we put forward some suggestions to improve the education security of Chinese border areas: making jointly efforts with state-led,multi-party participation to promote the national level of education security;schools carrying extensive reading activities to implement compulsory education of border areas;and family,community and school working together to enhance the level of individual education security.In conclusion,by integrated use of the related theories and research methods of human geography,this thesis proposes the essential elements of border education security and constructs the evaluation index system of it.On this basis it makes an evaluation and analysis of the safety level of twenty six counties in the frontiers of Yunnan province,categorize their regional type,and establish the early warning and monitoring system and the intervention strategies of border educational security.This study has enriched the theoretical research of national security and education security.It can provide practical reference for the implementation of national security strategy and the “Belt and Road” strategy,as well as useful guidance for the development of compulsory education in border areas.