Participant And Influence:Study Of The Interact Between American Chinese Scholars And Higher Education Of China Since 1978

Nowadays,China is in the crucial period of industrial transformation and the adjustment of economy structure,which needs innovation as the first driving force of economic development.The core of innovation-driven strategy is the ability of original scientific and technological innovation and the number of creative persons.Higher education institutions play very important role in these two aspects.Although higher education of China made great progress in scientific research and talents cultivation,but still exists a big gap when comparing with western developed countries,especially America.In American higher education institutions and scientific research institutions,there have numerous influential American Chinese scholars in scientific and technological field.How to make use of these American Chinese scholars to reform the institutional mechanisms of higher education institutions,to improve the quality of talent cultivation and the level of scientific research is the topic of this paper.This paper focuses on four aspects with full and accurate material.Firstly,this paper combs the historical development and present situation of American Chinese scholars,the interact between American Chinese scholars and China.Secondly,this paper analyses the interact between American Chinese Scholars and higher education of China,the influence exerted by American Chinese scholars.Thirdly,this paper concludes the factors influencing the interact between the two and achieving result by American Chinese scholars.Fourthly,based on the above chapters,this paper makes some main conclusions,and provides policy recommendations on how to make full use of Chinese intellectual resources abroad.In the meantime,this paper gives theoretical analysis on the interaction between American Chinese scholars and higher education of China.This paper has the following conclusions:1.The United States of America assembles so many high-level Chinese scholars that outnumbers mainland of China.They are intellectual resources abroad for implementing innovation-driven strategy in China.2.American Chinese scholars engage higher education of China with various ways.They act as glass-breakers of Chinese higher education system and idea,vanguards of research.Some scholars return to China engage in specific practices of Chinese higher education,some scholars promote the development of Chinese higher education by means of research cooperation,teaching short courses,attending academic conference,being project evaluation experts.3.Whether American Chinese Scholars return to China depends on different fators from three dimensions: America,China,individual.The core factor is whether personal values of scholars can fulfil in America or China.Although the environment of science and education,living conditions improve rapidly in China.By contrast,America is still an ideal place for American Chinese Scholars to fulfil research objects and family needs.4.In recent years,with the improvement of science and education,the ability of higher education and research,China attracts many Chinese scholars abroad.But the number of talents who return China is still small,especially top scholars abroad.The returning Chinese scholars mainly take part time job in China and keep positions in foreign countries.5.Cultural reverse adaption is very important for returning Chinese scholars to play role in China.The following measures must be taken to help them play roles in China: establishing administrative support and incentive systems which are in accordance with academic and research rules.The degree to which American Chinese scholars engage in Chinese higher education depends on the factors from America,China and individual.How American Chinese Scholars define their individual values plays crucial role in their dicisions,the factors from America,China just offer condition to fulfil their individual values.But their individual values in different periods of academic career have different performance.So American Chinese scholars need different external environments in different periods.The continuous improvements of education and scientific environments of China in recent years is always an attractive force for American Chinese scholars to engage in Chinese higher education.The way of engagement is not only come back China.Because Several factors overlay,which decides different ways of American Chinese scholars engaging in Chinese higher education.A most noteworthy problem is,because of scientific and technology competition between China and American,American government monitored the academic activities between Chinese scholars and China in broader scope,sometimes accused Chinese scholars.If this trend is strengthened,the interact between American Chinese Scholars and Chinese higher education will be seriously influenced.Chinese government and higher education institutes must pay more attention to this phenomenon.Meanwhile in order to play the roles of American Chinese Scholars who come back China effectively,the higher education institutions should build an environment which is in accordance with rules of scientific research and talent development,and deal with the relationship between local human resource and foreign one correctly.