Classification And Evolution Mechanism Of Business Models Of Technology-based Enterprises

Since the mid of 90's of last century,With the development of electronic commerce and new form of business,which is based on internet,the topic of business model has reached more and more attention by academics.There are a large quantity of researches on business model.However,existing researches still cannot answer the question that,how to build the activity system of business model,how to innovate business model,business model evolution mechanism has not been reveal,yet.Research,which could promote business model research from the kernel level and could promote a broad space to the theory of business model,on the classification and evolution of business model can dynamically reveal the dynamic consistency between the elements of business model.From a practical point of view,the classification and evolution of business model can provide a theoretical guidance to design and select an appropriate business model in a dynamic environment,so as to help build a benign business ecosystem.Therefore,the research on the classification and evolution of business mode is a insurmountable part to put forwatd business model in-depth.The large scale business model innovation firstly broke out in science and technology enterprises,the industry of science and technology with a strong industry representation,is a suitable industry to study business model.In this paper,we use the method of stepwise regression and the genetic algorithm on the business model elements,classification and evolution in science and technology enterprises(with the information and technology industry as example),with the perspective of value creation,through the four sub studies for funther discussing:Study one:building a theoretical framework of business model from the perspective of Value CreationOn the basis of combing and analysis on pre-research of the literature,we have got five main themes of business model on perspective of the value creation,including:the three-dimensional value,the business model designing theme,the government of business model,value network and the motivation of value creative.Based on the framework of three-dimensional value in the perspective of value creation,this paper analyzed the classification and evolution of business model in science and technology enterprises(with the information and technology industry as example).In the framework of three-dimensional value,value proposition,which explains that where does business model come from,is the source of value;value creation is the soul and core of the business model is a business model;value distribution and acquisition,which reveals that where does business model go,is the fate of the business model.The framework of three-dimensional value acts among the line of "value proposition--value creation--value distribution and acquisition",which explains what the perspective of value creation is,reveals the mechanism of the operation of business model.Study two:refining of the elements of business model in science and technology enterprises from the perspective of value creationIn the perspective of value creation,based on the refinement of the existing literature of business model elements,we get six elements of business model,that is:customer value,market positioning,value network,resource endowment,cost structure and revenue model.Customer value and market positioning belong to the dimension of value proposition,value network and resources belong to the dimension of value creation,cost structure and revenue model belongs to the dimension of value distribution and acquisition.According to the six elements of business model,we use the method of stepwise.regression on the data of Chinese listed companies in the information and technology industry,dates from the year of 2002-2014.We have got the core elements of business model of each year,the dynamic consistency among business model elements,as well as the combined contribution,which comes from the business model elements to performance.The index of the elements of business model,the core elements of business model of each year,the dynamic consistency among business model elements,as well as the combined contribution,which comes from the business model elements to performance,can be totally called "the combination of business model elements",which is the premise of business model changing.Study three:classification of business model of science and technology enterprises in the perspective of value creationAccording to the index of the business model elements of each year,the dynamic consistency among business model elements,the combined contribution,which comes from the business model elements to performance,we used the transversal and longitudinal clustering method on science and technology enterprises(with the information and technology industry as example).We have got five main business model types,respectively is:the leopard business model,clustering business model,poor business model,question business model and customer business model.According to the distribution of the business model types,we have got three stages of business model evolution of science and technology enterprises(with the information and technology industry as example),based on business model clustering results through the years.We used the method of Stepwise regression,so as to analyze the characteristics,of whose rule comes from the core elements of business model performance,with the science and technology enterprises(with the information and technology industry as example),in the evolution process of every type of business model.Study four:simulation of the evolution process of business model with science and technology enterprises in the perspective of value innovationUsing the three mechanism of the business model evolution,we simulated the evolution process of the business model,so as to get the three mechanism of the business model evolution for each type of business model in science and technology enterprises.Through the simulation of the evolution process of business model in science and technology enterprises,we found that with the increase of selection mechanism,the frequency of mutation mechanism is higher than that of genetic mechanism for the type of gathering business model,and the frequency of mutation mechanism and genetic mechanism is synchronous for the type of leopard business model,and the frequency of mutation mechanism is lower than the genetic mechanism for the type of poor business model,and the mutation mechanism and genetic mechanism of the type of customer business model is alternate.Through the above four sub studies,we have got following conclusions:Business model of science and technology can be divided into four typical types,respectively is the leopard business model,clustering business model,poor business model,question business model and customer business model.In the process of evolution,the three mechanisms of each type of business model have different changing rules,and the core factors,which affect business performance,are also different.According to the research results,including ? the rule of the variation of core elements,which affects the performance of business model,of the five typical business model in science and technology enterprises,and ?the rule of the variation of three mechanism,we exploratorily promoted 4 proposals so as to improve business model.The innovation points of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects:(1)Innovation in research logic.We analyzed the rule of the classification and evolution of business model in the science and technology enterprises(with the information and technology industry as example).Through the path of "the research framework of business model? business model elements-the classification of business model?business model evolution" in the perspective of value creation,we promotes a main line of this study:in the process of business model evolution in science and technology enterprises,?the rule of the variation of core elements of the five typical business model,and ?the rule of the variation of three mechanism.(2)Innovation in research point.For the research point of business model,the existing papers can be divided into four categories,including:cost economics,the value network theory,the long tail theory and resource based view.This paper took the organizational ecology theory as a research point,combined with three mechanisms,which is heredity,variation,and selection mechanism,is a new way to study business model evolution.(3)Innovation in research methods.Existing papers on the mechanism of business model evolution are mostly case studies,they just made a simple conclusion of business model evolution,through the track of the change of business model with one or multiple cases.We made a piece of panel data as the study sample for the first time.Using stepwise regression and genetic algorithm,we studied the rule of the combination of business model elements,and the rule of three mechanism.We have fulfilled the dynamic research and simulated the process of the business model evolution for the first time.(4)Innovation in research conclusion.In this paper,we have got four conclusions.Firstly,through the literature review,we have got the comprehensive framework of business model,in the perspective of value creation.Secondly,we found that there are four typical business model types in science and technology enterprises.Thirdly,we have found that the core elements,which affects the performance of business model,varied with different years.Fourthly,through the simulation of the process of business model evolution,we have got the rule of the variation of three mechanisms of different types of business model.