Research On Spatiotemporal Diversity And Mechanism Of City Square Space From The Point Of Human Settlements

City bears and provides space for people to live,while city Square is one of the basic components of urban space.The city square is a public space for outdoor activities,which is composed of roads,mountains and rivers,terrain and so on.City square has multiple values.In the social value,the square meets social leisure needs for the public;in the economic environment.Square drive around the industry continues to gather,meet the relevant requirements,to promote economic development;in terms of urban history and culture,it shows the city heritage and promotes the city image.Dalian is the pioneer city of China to uphold the theory of European city square design.As an economically developed port city in the northeastern coastal areas of china,the study of Dalian city square can better meet the needs of the residents,and constantly improve the quality of the city.With the study of the city square in time and space deepening,thinning and maturing,anywhere does not reflect the care of humanism,but lacks a perspective from the perspective of human settlements.In this dissertation,spatiotemporal difference and its mechanism of the Dalian city square will be researched from the perspective of human settlements based on previous research results.On the basis of previous studies,this paper selects Zhongshan District,Shahekou District,Xigang District,Ganjingzi District,Dalian City,48 of the city square as the research object,using remote sensing data,questionnaire,spatial statistics and social economic data as the foundation,based on the visual angle of the living environment,Dalian city square classification,the development process evolution and the spatial pattern,pattern formation were studied with the city square planning about the development of the evolution.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on the natural environment system,human system,social system,housing system,support system of the perspective of human settlement,establish 28 evaluation index system,using principal component analysis method to evaluate the index,finally extracted four main factors.The first principal component factor:security system,education culture,residential system sports,fitness,medical city,business services,transportation and other city variables;the second main factors:residents,cultural level,security system and other variables;the third principal factors:natural landscape,culture,business services and other variables;the fourth main:ecological environment,psychological index and other variables.(2)0n the basis of principal component analysis,using the clustering method,the 48 squares are divided into four types,comprehensive square,recreation Plaza,commercial service Plaza and traffic Plaza.The comprehensive squares are mainly distributed in the Olympic Plaza,Jiefang square,Navy square,people’s Square and 19 squares;the main distribution of the recreational squares are ocean Plaza,Xinghai Square and 7 squares;the commercial Plaza are mainly distributed in Malan square,Huanan Plaza and 5 Plazas;the traffic plaza main distribution of Digital Plaza,Xianglujiao Plaza and 17 square.(3)The city square of Dalian has experienced a long construction process,and the residential service function and spatial distribution pattern of the square are different in different periods.In the city function period,the square has the traffic grooming category,the market class,the city beautification,the fitness leisure class and the symbolic construction class in the function design,but mainly is the municipal function square;In the spatial distribution,the square is mainly located in the present Zhongshan District.In the traffic function period,the main function of the square belongs to traffic types;in spatial distribution,it mainly located in what is now the Zhongshan district,Xigang district and Malan River-Xi’an Road East of the junction area in Shahekou district in the period of comprehensive function,the function of the city square has gradually changed from its original function into a variety of functions.In the spatial distribution,it also covers the main areas of urban construction in the four districts of the city(4)The evolution of Dalian city square shape,is from round and oval in the municipal function period,to square and triangular in the traffic function period,and then to complex and irregular shape in the comprehensive function period.Urban square space agglomeration trend is obvious.Whether nuclear density or point density,Zhongshan district,Xigang district,Shahekou district and the junction area of Shahekou district and Ganjingzi district are the absolute agglomeration areas of the city square.The trend of correlation between squares is also gradually increasing.The spatial distribution pattern of urban square develops from"semicircle shape" to "strip",and finally presents the pattern of "Y".The spatial pattern of the square evolves from the initial "triangle" to the later "trapezium",and now to "butterfly shape".(5)With the study of the driving force factors of the city square space pattern formation and evolution,the natural endowments,economic factors,social factors,political factors,environmental factors and technical factors are the main factors to affect the formation and evolution of city square space pattern in the process.mong them,natural factors affect the overall pattern of urban square distribution;economic,social and political factors have important implications for the number,size,shape,etc.of the square;the ecological environment and technical factors determine the image of the square and the diversity of the functions of the square.(6)From the point of the human settlement service function:Dalian plaza building lays too much emphasis on decoration.It should be people-oriented and gives full consideration to the overall space and the surrounding natural environment.The squares such as Triumph Plaza weakened social function,and it should improve the organization of these squares or the capacities of contractors social sports activities.The shared space scale of Youhao square,Hudiao square and other similar types of square is small and the land utilization rate is low.Moreover,the traffic accessibility is not good enough.In residential coordination,it is necessary to maintain the infrastructure for the elderly and children in a timely manner to improve the utilization of the square space.