Research On The Influence Of The Type Of Technology Business Incubator On Incubation Performance In Guangdong Province

Chinese incubator industry has reached the age of thirty since 2017.There are 3,225 technology business incubators registered in the Torch Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology at the end of 2016.The number of Chinese incubators has already ranked first in the world.With the encouragement of national policies,government agencies,universities,research institutes and enterprises have established incubators of various types and functions in the recent years.Different subjects have different value orientation,and the resources of them are not the same.Improving performance has become the main theme of the future development of Chinese incubator industry.Whether there are significant differences in the performance of incubating enterprises among incubators with different functions and subjects,and the extent to which different functional incubators meet the development needs of incubating enterprises are the fundamental issues that must be answered clearly to improve the performance of incubators.Based on this,this paper will focus on the question that the difference of incubators type whether and how to influence the performance of incubators.The paper takes the incubators of Guangdong Province as the research samples.According to the descriptive statistical analysis,different type of and different service functional incubators have significant differences in the ability of incubating,the efficiency of innovation for incubating enterprises and the job opportunities generated.However,the aforesaid findings are only the results of small sample statistics,and it is insufficient to show whether differences in incubator types will significantly affect performance.This paper further analyzes from two perspectives: horizontal perspective(classifying incubators according to the property rights differences of incubator subjects)and vertical perspective(classifying incubators based on incubators providing service differentiation).Using one-way analysis of variance,multiple tests,and Kruskal-Walls test,Tukey test and other methods empirically tested the differences in the effects of incubator type on performance of incubators.Based on the empirically tested result that differences in the incubator type did result in differences in the performance of incubators,the paper logically reveals the mechanism and role of type differences in influencing hatchery performance under the framework of �resources-behavior-performance� and uses the incubators of Guangdong Province as sample data to empirically test the above theoretical knowledge.The main research findings and management implications are:First,from a horizontal perspective,incubators can be divided into three main types: incubators dominated by government backgrounds,incubators in the background of universities,and incubators in the background of private enterprises.The difference in the hatching performance of various types of incubators stem from the resource structure and value orientation of the background of the founder.An empirical test using sample data of Guangdong incubators shows that the hatching performance of different types of incubators is not exactly the same,and there are significant differences in the different types of incubators in terms of hatching ability,entrepreneurial ability,innovation ability and social contribution.Each type of incubator has its outstanding performance,but at the same time,there are also deficiencies.Therefore,we cannot simply think that the incubation performance of private capital incubators must be better than the incubators in the government's state-owned background and the incubators set up by universities.It is necessary to consider comprehensively the interests of the main body and the purpose of creating various types of incubators to determine whether the incubator performance of different types of incubators is satisfactory.Second,from the distinction between service functions and value propositions provided by incubators perspective(vertical perspective),incubator development can be divided into four generations: First-generation incubators focusing on �infrastructure services�;second-generation focusing on �commercial support services� Incubator;third-generation incubators focusing on �network service�;fourth-generation incubators focusing on �equity investment service�.With 62 incubators in Guangdong Province and 169 incubating companies as research samples,one-way ANOVA was used to perform comparative analysis between groups.Based on this analysis,the Tukey test was used to conduct comparative analysis between groups.The analysis results showed that despite high-generation incubators have better performance,but their service investment is much higher than low-generation incubators.From an input-output perspective,high-generation incubators are not necessarily stronger than low-generation incubators.That is,high-generation incubators have high input behind their high incubation performance.For a large country with unbalanced development between regions like China,improving the quality of incubators in China is not only blindly encouraging the evolution of incubators from low generations to high generations.Targeted to enhance each generation of incubators to make its high quality realize its own main hatching function is much more important.Especially in the underdeveloped regional development environment of our country,every generational incubator has its necessity and rationality.Third,based on the resource perspective,this paper theoretically analyzes the mechanism of the incubation performance of different types of incubators under the �resource-action-performance� analysis framework,two types of strategic actions including external network construction and management participation mediate the influence of incubators' resource on incubator performance,and incubator type moderates the influence of incubators' resource.The research on Guangdong incubators sample data shows that the incubator's human resources,capital resources,relationship resources,and reputational resources all have a positive impact on the performance of incubators.At the same time,the positive impact of human,capital,and relationship resources on incubator performance is mediated by the external network construction and management participation and moderated by incubator type.This conclusion suggests that incubators need to actively undertake the acquisition,agglomeration and deployment of various types of entrepreneurial resources(including human resources,capital,relationships,and reputation resources),and promote the growth of incubators while improving their own incubator performance.At the same time,in the process of resource allocation,it is also necessary to adopt appropriate strategic measures,such as building an incubation network and participating in the management of incubating enterprises,which help to more effectively exert the positive influence of the incubator resource structure on hatching performance.