| Poverty is a complicated phenomenon embodied as lack of material life,spiritual life and living environment which might induce by economic,societal and environmental factor.Poverty has been a major problem facing the development of global economy,and in china it also becomes a major obstacle for the building a well-off society in an all-round way.Since the reform and opening up,the Party and government attach great importance to the problem of poverty.Columns of anti-poverty policies were developed and put into practice,and great achievements were made.A new formulation for the three major tasks as to “poverty alleviation” in his report to the 19 th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC).this significantly shows the importance attached by the party and state leaders to China's poverty alleviation work and their determination to comprehensively alleviate poverty.However,Due to the complexity of poverty,multi-dimensional evaluation of regional poverty and accurate identification bears great significance in the perspective of theoretical construction and practical implementation.Multi-dimensional evaluation of regional poverty is a prerequisite for accurate identification Which also is the basis for formulating regional poverty alleviation policies.What aspects of regional poverty measurement should be carried out? What methods are used to measure regional poverty? How to accurately identify the types of poverty-stricken areas and poverty stricken areas? How do we formulate poverty alleviation measures based on local conditions? These are the main questions that this paper attempts to answer.So far,systematical study on multidimensional poverty and its spatial patterns are rare,and the methodological system study is also not much.Therefore,the measurement of multi-dimensional poverty and method innovation call for great attention and need to be enriched.The paper includes two parts,the first part based on the socio-economic-natural complex ecosystem of Academician Ma Shijun,as well as relevant reference carding and literatures on poverty,connotation of poverty,and poverty measurement at home and abroad,re-understands the connotation of multidimensional poverty in the county,the methodology system of multidimensional poverty measure in county area is constructed.The next part uses the extended linear expenditure system(ELES),indicator evaluation method,improved A-F method,and AHP-EVM weighted summation method based on game theory to measure the status of economic poverty,social poverty,and ecological poverty in county.With the help of Arc GIS spatial analysis software,it visualizes the spatial differentiation of the multidimensional poverty and the degree of coupling and coordination of multidimensional poverty system in counties.And uses the mathematical thought of the three-dimensional spatial coordinate system to divides the multidimensional poverty.Explore specific poverty reduction measures in different types of counties and districts,in order to help the smooth implementation of targeted poverty reduction efforts and promoting sustainable development in the region.The research contents and major conclusions in this paper are as follows:(1)The connotation of multidimensional poverty in the county was re-understood,and a methodological system for the study of multidimensional poverty in the county was constructed.The external manifestation of poverty is the “lack”.With the development of society and the deepening of poverty research,the contents of the “lack”is enriched.And the study of poverty is also enriched.Regional poverty has a profound impact on individual poverty.Evaluating multidimensional poverty in counties can further understand the main reasons of individual poverty,and accuately grasp the direction and intensity of individual poverty eradication.Therefore,this paper measures the multidimensional poverty status from three aspects:economic poverty,social poverty and ecological poverty.(2)The ELES model was used to calculate the economic poverty line in Gansu Province,and analyzes the status of economic poverty in every county.The results show that: the economic poverty line is more in line with the actual situation in Gansu than the National poverty line.The economic poverty countries in Gansu Province are mainly concenreated in Longdong area,Longnan area and ethnic areas,which basically coincide with the poverty countries designated by the State,the spatial distribution affirms the rationality of the economic poverty line calculated in this paper.(3)Using the method of index evaluation and the A-F method to evaluate and anlyzes the status of social poverty in every county.The results show that: most of the counties and districts in Gansu Province are in a status of mild social poverty,and there are no counties and districts in a status of severe social poverty.In comparison,the degree of social poverty in ethnic areas is deeper.(4)Using the method of index evaluation and the AHP-EVM weighted summation method based on game theory to evaluate and anlyzes the status of ecological poverty in every county.The results show that: the status of ecological poverty in Gansu Province is not optimistic,most counties and regions are in the status of ecological poverty.(5)Using the coupling and coordination model to evaluate and analyze the degree of coupling and coordination of multidimensional poverty systems in each county and district of Gansu Province,The results show that: 37 percent of the whole counties and districts in Gansu Province can achieve the barely coordinated development of multidimensional poverty.The multidimensional poverty imbalance of the National poverty alleviation is more serious.(6)Based on the evaluation results of economic poverty,social poverty,and ecological poverty,we can establish a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system for poverty,and divide the counties into types according to the status of multidimensional poverty.The division of multidimensional poverty types in the county is conducive to implementation differentiated of poverty alleviation work.(7)According to the results of the multidimensional poverty types and leading factors in counties,combining the author's field research.The paper puts forward some suggesions for poverty reduction:1)Increase farmers' income by increasing the number of “blood transfusions” and improving their “hematopoietic” ability;2)Increase investment in infrastructure,education and medical care,raise the level of infrastructure,educational and medical resources,alleviate social poverty in the region;3)Accelerate the implementation of ecological protection and ecological construction projects to improve the status of ecological poverty in the region;4)Improving multidimensional poverty in the region by developing ecological industries and making full utilization of existing resources.Innovation points of this article include:(1)A new regional multidimensional poverty measurement methodology system is constructed based on a complex ecosystem,and the methodological system was used as an example in Gansu Province.The conclusion was basically in line with the actual poverty in the county.(2)Put forward a new research perspective on the measurement of multidimensional poverty in counties based on whether county resources can “meet demand”.(3)Using the mathematical ideas of three-dimensional spatial coordinate system and poverty status coordinate database to classify poverty types in counties,and proposes locally adapted poverty reduction measures. |
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