The International Logistics Cooperation Research Of Greater Tumen River Region

Labor division specialization of the international industrial chain and the orderly linkage within the supply chain have not only expanded the scale of international trade but also effectively promoted the development of international logistics.International logistics is playing an increasingly important role in the cooperation taking place in the Greater Tumen River sub-region.In terms of how and where the international logistics cooperation can be carried out,experts of the GTI committee have not made a full demonstration on the effect of international logistics cooperation in the region,despite having discussed the infrastructure construction and clearance issues.In the Greater Tumen River region,local governments are eager to develop the economy,and member countries are paying more attention to the development of this region.On that note,despite breakthroughs have been made in the sub-regional cooperation via international logistics cooperation,however,the development status quo of international logistics shows that the development has reached only the preliminary stages of the cooperation,which lies far beyond the expectations of the GTI member countries.In light of this,this paper began from the summary and analysis of previous research results,and expanded the geographical scope of research into the economic radiation coverage,breaking through the limitations of the research scope.Next,the concept of international logistics cooperation was redefined for this research,based on which macro-level issues of international logistics cooperation in the Greater Tumen River region were discussed on the grounds of cooperation in infrastructure construction,clearance cargo transportation,international logistics services,and institutional security.In the study,it is clear that the foundation of cooperation comes from the institutional guarantee provided by the national strategy and cooperation mechanism for the international logistics cooperation in the greater Tumen River area,the channel foundation for the international logistics cooperation formed by land sea intermodal transportation,the source and power provided by the regional economic development for the international logistics cooperation in the region,and the active participation of North Korea and Japan in the greater Tumen River region Cooperation.Afterward,the extent of development in the cooperation were revealed by analyzing the process,mode,and outcome of international logistics cooperation in region.The disadvantage in the homogenous use of indicators in previous logistics-related papers were then removed by viewing the problem from the aspects of international logistics volume as well as international logistics value,and breaking down the analysis from the four dimensions of import and export volumes as well as value.Time-fixed effect was then employed to analyze the core variables of the five influencing factors of international logistics,placing emphases on the influences these variables exert on the development of international logistics as well as their underlying reasons,serving as a preliminary examination for the analysis on the effect of international logistics cooperation.The variables of the five influencing factors were then coupled,after which a principal component analysis was performed to come up with five outcome indicators for international logistics cooperation in the Greater Tumen River region,which include the environment indicator,infrastructure indicator,efficiency indicator,cost indicator,and market indicator.Afterward,By introducing utility theory,the combination of time period fixed effects and Inverted U model was performed on the above five outcome indicators,from which the cooperation effects as seen from the five perspectives were obtained.Finally,specific countermeasures and suggestions were put forward in accordance with the above analysis,and are presented as follows.The international logistics cooperation in the Greater Tumen River region is in the stage of scale expansion,having gone through two development stages.At present,there are mainly four kinds of cooperation mechanisms,i.e.,decision-making mechanism,communication and coordination mechanism,conflict mediation mechanism,and income distribution mechanism.However,a special set of institutionalized and procedural decision-making mechanism for international logistics cooperation has not yet been formed.To begin with,the communication and coordination mechanism cannot solve the immediate problems in cross-border international logistics in a timely manner,which affects the fluency of cross-border international logistics cooperation.In addition,only a bilateral income distribution mechanism has been formed,while the conflict mediation mechanism still remains to be improved.The cooperation modes that play a vital role in the regional cooperation mainly include the inter-governmental international logistics infrastructure construction cooperation mode,the mutual recognition mode of customs clearance,the bilateral cooperation mode between enterprises,and the cross-border e-commerce logistics cooperation mode.Significant achievements have been achieved through the international logistics cooperation,mainly in the cooperation of infrastructure connectivity construction project,international logistics standardization construction,and e-commerce international logistics.Through the analysis of 28 influencing factors in the five import-and-exportrelated aspects of international logistics,it can be concluded that all the variables can reflect their variable degrees of direct influences in terms of the import and export volume as well as value.For exporting countries(or regions),factors presenting the greatest direct influence are the quality of roads,trade barriers for Internet users,the burden of customs procedures,the intensity of local competition,the width of the value chain,the timeliness of freight and shipment control in international distribution and marketing,customs clearance efficiency,logistics service capability,traceability of goods,the efficiency of legal framework in dispute resolution,and the effectiveness of anti-monopoly policies.For importing countries(or regions),factors demonstrating the greatest direct influence are the quality of roads,the quality of railway infrastructure,the quality of port infrastructure,the intensity of local competition,the quality of local suppliers,the control of international distribution and marketing,the trade barriers,the trade tariffs,the burden of customs procedures,customs clearance efficiency,traceability of goods,transparency of government decisions,effectiveness of anti-monopoly policies,and favoritism in government officials' decisions.These can be attributable to the fact that the regional cooperation is still in the preliminary stage of its large scale development,where the cooperation intensity is still relatively low,and respective state policies as well as cooperation mechanisms are still imperfect,not to mention the differences present in the economic and social levels in as well as the development of logistics among these countries.These reasons dictate the impact the external environment would have on the development of international logistics.Having analyzed the five substitution indicators of international logistics cooperation effect,For importing countries,the significance of the substitution indicators of international logistics environment,international logistics efficiency and international logistics market for the cooperation effect of international logistics in the greater Tumen River region shows that the international logistics cooperation effect of the greater Tumen River region is increasing,and the international logistics infrastructure also basically reflects this point.For the exporting countries,the international logistics environment and the efficiency of international logistics in the region of the greater Tumen River are significant indicators of the effect of international logistics cooperation.This regional cooperation is currently witnessing an expansion of its cooperation scale,which is still some way off from the complete transformation towards balanced development.Therefore,it seems that the presence of differences between the effects of various substitution indicators of the regional cooperation effect is an inevitable outcome.Summarizing the above research,and considering the relevant experience of logistics cooperation in and outside China,four countermeasures and suggestions were put forward in accordance with the actual situation of the Greater Tumen River region: the cooperation environment should be improved,intergovernmental cooperation should be promoted,the cooperation efficiency should be improved,new international logistics demand should be created,and the facilitation as well as construction of international logistics channels should be effectively promoted.