| Technology has the ability to amplify individual differences. It has long been known that each person has different ways of processing information. However, as computers and other technological devices are being developed to assist us in our daily lives, the gap behyeen those who easily navigate their way through on-line hierarchies and those who get lost in a maze of confusion, widens. It is, therefore, becoming increasingly necessary to understand the basis for these individual differences so as to lessen this gap.;This study examined how Spatial Visualization Ability (SVA) affects different individuals' abilities to perform two concurrent tasks, a visual/spatial task with an auditory/verbal task, in terms of allocation and usage of cognitive resources. This was addressed within the framework of Wickens' (1992) Multiple Resource Theory (MRT). Within this paper, a new model was proposed, based upon Wickens' model, focusing on this interaction of SVA and MRT. Two experiments were conducted to test that model using a method similar to the dual-task paradigm. The first experiment pinpointed basic research questions using a test of SVA called the VZ-2, followed by a listening comprehension activity, then by the two tasks performed concurrently. The second experiment continued that line of research, and tested whether the use of apparency (a method of revealing hidden contingencies) diminishes the differences between the high SVA and low SVA groups. Additionally, a classroom study was conducted to observe the effects of SVA differences on performance and attitudes within two semester-long classes. Findings from the experiments do not provide support for the proposed model, however, the discrepancies between the two experiments suggest that further investigation is in order. As for the issue of apparency, results from the second experiment support the benefits of apparency for low SVA (as well as high SVA) individuals. Finally, some suggestions are given which may help low SVA individuals overcome obstacles in navigating complex hierarchical databases (such as the World Wide Web). Hopefully, this will allow them to successfully interact with, and reap the benefits of, the growing technological maze of information. |
