Some Key Issues On The Multi-functional Disaster Information Acquisition And Processing System For Earthquake Site

Severe earthquakes cause damages of infrastructure and create many barriers to succedent information transmission and rapid response.However,disaster information acquisition of the earthquake site,as a significant and indispensable part of the earthquake response,can supply benefits to the scientific decision-making in order to conduct the following search and rescue missions and reduce the loss of people.Now,there are many communication technologies and methods using for the disaster information acquisition.Except for the universal phone and network,there are several kinds of satellites can be used for long distance connect such as Thuraya,Iridium,Inmarsat,Asia NO.4,Beidou,et all.,but the net jam always happen when abundant facility of above appeared concurrently after an earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake is a very example.Also,rescuers need to handle them with their hands which will hamper the simultaneous operations of communication and rescue.For the local network,technologies like Wi Max,Zig Bee,Ad-hoc are being used frequently though the coverage is limited and the anti-interference ability needs to be enhanced.For the sake of rapid disaster information acquisition after an earthquake and alleviating rescuers' burden,there are main research contents as follow:On the basis of literature research including the professional helmets,the earthquake disaster information acquisition,the 3D modeling technology and the finite element model of head,the architecture of the system is established.There are structure design,the communication link between the earthquake work site and the command center using Ad-hoc and relay AP and the data flow,the function of the information processing and the coordination system.Moreover,the protective abilities of the rescue helmet are studied as the platform of the acquisition.The collision processes between the rock and the earthquake rescuer in the elastic collision and nonelastic collision is analyzed.The CT scan and model reconstruction technology commonly used in medicine research are introduced into the rescue equipment field.The Mimics software is used to reconstruct the abundant CT slices of helmet to high fidelity model.With the 3D models of the helmet and human head there is combined model called helmet-head model.The impact scheme is apposed according to multiple standards of professional helmets.On the different significant positions of the helmet-head model include the tritocerebrum,the parietal bone and the temporal bone,forces or momentums with variant quantity and directions are loaded to observe the response of the combined model.Lastly,the design of disaster information acquisition unit and the software on the command center is actualized and the system is tested to check the functions.The hardware of the unit is arranged suitably on the earthquake helmet and the embedded control software containing encoding and compression of the audio and video data is developed.Besides,the data will be displayed real-time on the control center.The experimental prototype was tested in the China National Training Base for Urban Search and Rescue(CNSART).