A Systematic Study On Sustainable Resettlement And Development Of Ecological Migrant

Ecological migration is an issue that cannot be ignored in theoretical research and social practice of sustainable development.In order to pursue development and realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature,ecological migration has become a relatively common phenomenon of population migration.In China,the recent efforts to alleviate poverty have made ecological migration(relocating the poor)an important means of poverty alleviation.Since the "10th Five-Year Plan" period,the state has implemented the pilot project on relocation for poverty alleviation,and the central government plans to complete the relocation of 10 million people during the "13th FiveYear Plan" period,so that lift this part of the population out of poverty and achieve the development goal of moderately prosperous society in all respects.In the view of the essence of ecological migration is the re-adjustment of the relationship between man and nature in order to achieve development goals,and this process of adjustment often involves complex economic and social factors.From the systematic perspective,the essence of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant is the reconstruction of the three major systems of natural,economic and social in the migration area,which means the reconstruction of sustainable mechanisms in natural,economic and social systems directly affects the sustainable effects of resettlement and development of ecological migrant.Therefore,exploring the transmission mechanism of the systems acting on the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant and how to realize the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant from the perspective of system reconstruction not only has important theoretical value,but also has important practical significance in the task of poverty alleviation in the current period in China.This dissertation starts with the systematic study of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,and proposes a "system reconstruction" perspective with the ultimate goal of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,focusing on discussing the systematic transmission of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant and the way of achieving sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant from the perspective of system reconstruction.Taking this as the core,firstly sorts out the relationship between the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant and three major systems theoretically by combining the existing literatures and practice models of ecological migrant,and evaluates the deficiencies of existing researches and points out the innovation points of this dissertation.Secondly,constructs the theoretical framework of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant using the complex system NES(Nature-Economy-Society),analyzes the essence,main contents,indicators and judge standards of the sustainable resettlement and development system of ecological migrant.Thirdly,analyzes how the three subsystems are systematically reconstructed through a series of conduction variables and ultimately affect the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant using constructive factors,normative factors and conditional factors.On this basis,simulates the transmission mechanism of three major systems affecting the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,and adjusts the policy variables to analyze the impact of different system policy models on the effect of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant.Fourthly,constructs the assessment and monitoring mechanism for the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant from the perspective of the three major systems,feedbacks and adjusts system information in time to optimize the effect of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant.Finally,proposes the main conclusions and policy implications of the dissertation.Specifically,this dissertation takes "A Systematic Study on Sustainable Resettlement and Development of Ecological Migrant" as the theme,and the main contents are organized around the following aspects:Firstly,on the basis of defining the concept,connotation and characteristics of ecological migration,extension defines the concept,connotation and characteristics of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,discusses the essence of the systematic reconstruction of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant and expounds the system reconstruction content and system-related relationship of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant from the perspective of three major systems.Further,constructs respectively the indicators of the development degree,coordination degree and sustainability of the resettlement and development of ecological migrant and the evaluation criteria of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant is seted according to the different values of the indicators.Secondly,on the basis of defining the connotation of natural system reconstruction for sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,points out that the natural system reconstruction mainly involves three aspects,which are the constructive factors of the habitat fragmentation index,the normative factors of ecological welfare performance and the conditional factors of the ecological migration,so as to construct the transmission mechanism of "natural system reconstruction-variable transmissionsustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant".Further,reveals the causal relationship and dynamic feedback mechanism among the three subsystems of habitat fragmentation,ecological migration project and ecological welfare performance to simulate the sustainability of the ecosystems by constructing the natural sustainable system dynamics model,sets up six models for natural system sustainable development policies by adjusting the four factors of the habitat fragmentation index,ecological migration environmental protection investment,ecological restoration factor and ecological development factor.The results of the policy simulation show that the increase of ecological migration environmental protection investment will reduce the ecological habitat resettlement index and improve the ecological welfare performance;the ecological migration environmental protection investment should focus on the ecological development investment in the imigration area,and appropriately reduce ecological restoration investment in the emigration area;the efficiency of ecological migration environmental protection investment affects the sustainable development of the ecological migration ecosystem.On the basis of the two,improving the efficiency of environmental protection investment is the best policy model to promote the sustainable development of ecological migration ecosystem.Thirdly,on the basis of defining the connotation of economic system reconstruction for sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,it is pointed out that the economic system reconstruction mainly involves three aspects,which are he constructive factors of economic production factors,the normative factors of resettlement income and the conditions of immigration production,so as to construct the transmission mechanism of " economic system reconstruction-transmission variables-sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant".At the same time,the impact of different resettlement and development models on the economic system reconstruction model has to be considered.Taking the different economic production factors as the standard,the resettlement and development model can be divided into two types: soil resettlement and multiple resettlement.As soil resettlement is the most basic form of ecological resettlement and development,this dissertation focuses on considering the economic system reconstruction in the soil resettlement model.That requires not only pay attention to the economic elements,but also the utilization methods on the income of the migrant,especially the status indicators and the improvement indicators of resource utilization for the economic system.Based on this,the farmland transferment is taken as the entry point to explore the significance of its income effect on realizing the reconstruction of economic system.In detail,on the basis of theoretically explaining the income effect,its mediating variables and regulatory variables,empirically examines the income effect and its main influencing variables.The results found that farmland transferment has a significant role in promoting the income of ecological migrant;labor productivity as a mediator of the two transmission mechanisms of ecological migrant farmland transferment income effect,has a partial mediating effect before migration on the income effect and complete mediating effect after migration on the income effect;market-oriented land policy has a positive impact on the income effect,factor market distortion has a negative impact on the income effect,under the joint adjustment of the two,only the high farmland marketization policy and low-factor market distortions will strengthen the income effect.Fourthly,on the basis of defining the connotation of social system reconstruction for sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,points out that the social system reconstruction mainly involves three aspects which are the constructive factors of livelihood capital elements,the normative factors of harmonious relationship of migration community and the conditional factors of the ecological migration so as to construct the transmission mechanism of "social system reconstruction-variable transmission-sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant".Further,because the remigration of ecological migrant is an important “unsustainable”phenomenon that affects the reconstruction of social systems,whose fundamental reason is that the social adaptability of migrant is poor,and ecological migrant expects to achieve effective integration with the society of the destination through the reconstruction of livelihood capital.Further,reveals the causal relationship and dynamic feedback mechanism among the three subsystems of ecological migration,ecological migrant social integration and the factors affecting migrant social integration to find the evolution path of ecological migrant social integration by constructing the social sustainable system dynamics model,sets up six models for social integration policies of ecological migrant by adjusting the value of the parameters of the livelihood capital factor.The results of policy simulation show that the reconstruction of migrant'living capital is the key to the social integration of migrant;the accumulation of different factors of living capital will help to increase the number of ecological migrant and the willingness of migrant to stay in the emigration area;reconstruct different livelihood capital in different periods of resettlement and development;the comprehensive improvement of migrant' livelihood capital will help to improve the quality and depth of migrant social integration.Fifthly,the realization of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant also depends on comprehensive assessment and monitoring of the three subsystems and systems.Aiming at the mutation characteristics of subsystems and integrated systems involved in the sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant,constructs the evaluation index system of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant based on entropy method and catastrophe progression method.Based on this,constructs the system dynamics model of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant combined with the obstacle diagnosis model to reveal the causal relationship and dynamic feedback mechanism between the three subsystems.Five models were set by adjusting the values of the obstacle factor variables of different subsystems to simulate policy trends of sustainable resettlement and development of ecological migrant.The results of the policy simulation show that the coordinated development model not only helps to achieve a better supply of natural resources in the migration area,but also contributes to the improvement of the GDP and the harmony in migration community of the migration region,and it is the optimal choice for the models.But should comprehensively use different models in different stages of ecological resettlement and development.Specifically,in the initial stage of migrant relocation,the economic development-type model can be used to rebuild the migrant production and lifestyle,which in turn helps to improve the social integration willingness of migrant to move into and integrate into the new settlement,will help to improve the harmony of the migrant community;in the middle and late process of migrant relocation,since the existing economic basis of production and lifestyle of the migrant,the social integration-model can be used to stabilize the migrant' willingness to social integration and to stay in the new settlement,which can effectively prevent the occurrence of migrant' remigration.