| After the global financial crisis in 2008,major developed countries,including the United States,Germany,Japan and others,have launched the re-industrial development strategy with advanced manufacturing,thus,the world economy has stepped into the beginning of the foreseeable fourth industrial revolution.The history of world economic development over the past hundreds of years has proven that the country who has mastered the most advanced production technology would boost the country from good to better,standing higher at international status.Although China just joined the third industrial revolution at the beginning of 21st century,while from the perspective of key information technologies,China still lags behind several developed countries.The manufacturing industry was always facing with problems such as"big will not strong”,“quantity while not quality”and“productive while not creative”.China would not stand on the forest of the world's powerful countries,unless it would seize the opportunity in the 4th industrial revolution represented by intelligent manufacturing.Intelligent manufacturing represents the 4th industrial revolution and also guides the development of manufacturing industry in China.Intelligent manufacturing acts as core content of"Made in China 2025",would boost the whole manufacturing industry from“big”to“strong”in China,eventually lead China to dominate the manufacturing technology in the world.Accelerating the development of intelligent manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China's manufacturing industry is indispensable to enhance comprehensive national strength,enhance commodity competitiveness,and build a world-wide power for China.It's also indispensable to make China a world-class manufacturing country.However,for countries that have not fully experienced the past three industrial revolutions,how to keep up with and promote the fourth industrial revolution,these issues need to be explored in practice,need to be supported from all aspects of factors including but not limited to rules,policies and so on,and also should take the advantage as late-comer and comparative to realize the rapid development.The development of intelligent manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing equipment industry of China still faces several difficulties and challenges at the present stage.Therefore,it is imperative to articulate several more forward-looking and targeted politics based on the understanding of the development status,international competitiveness and its influencing factors for intelligent manufacturing equipment industry of China,in order to eliminate factors that restrict the development of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry of China,and facilitate the development of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry.Thus,this thesis takes"Made in China towards 2025"as the research background,analyzes the competitiveness status and constraints for intelligent manufacturing equipment industry of China at present,and further analyzes the impact of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry on regional industry and trade composition.Policies for improving the competitiveness of the equipment industry have been proposed.Firstly,we reviewed the relevant reported research on the development of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry at present,analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the existing reported research,and expounded the relevant theories related to the development of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry.Then,the development history,development strategy,implementation policy and development status of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry of developed countries(the United States,Germany and Japan)were analyzed and compared,the development status and policy environment of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China were also analyzed.Finally,the data of trade volume and the data model of spatial panel of 31 HS codes(including 3D printers,industrial robots,precision instrumentation,CNC machine tools,and intelligent control systems)within the scope of intelligent manufacturing equipment were selected to conduct empirical analysis on the competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry,including the evaluation of industrial competitiveness,the influencing factors of competitiveness,and the impact of competitiveness on regional economic and trade composition.Following conclusions were made based on the above empirical analysis:(1)The intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in the world has developed rapidly since 2010,and its application have gradually expanded,as well as the intensified international competition.The developed countries represented by the United States,Germany and Japan have established a developed system for intelligent manufacturing equipment industry.The intelligent manufacturing equipment industry has obvious international competitive advantages,while in recent years,the growth rate of production and consumption of emerging countries(BRIC countries)in the Asia-Pacific region is higher than that of European and American countries,with gradually rising competitiveness.Research shows that the construction of innovation system,support of policy and cultivation of talent established the high development and competitiveness of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in developed countries.(2)The intelligent manufacturing equipment industry of China has developed rapidly since 2010.The scale of this industry has been continuously expanded,and several enterprises with international competitiveness were found in some areas.Various industrial clusters were developed parallelly with broad prospects.While there are also some problems in the development process,including the weak innovation ability of autonomy,the severely dependent of core components on imports,and the overvalue on hardware while undervalue on software,which obstruct the improvement of intelligence manufacturing.The imperfect of technical standards and industry standards would result the lackness of conceiving the prospective of this industry.Generally speaking,the advantages of developing intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China mainly depends on three aspects:policy support,rising auxiliary technology and broad prospective market,the disadvantages of developing this industry mainly includes lack of independent innovation capability,lack of international first-class enterprises,and the lack of established standardization system.(3)By selecting the data of trade volume of five types of intelligent manufacturing equipment industries(including 3D printers,industrial robots,precision instrumentation,CNC machine tools,and intelligent control systems),and using the indicators of dominant comparative advantage index to evaluate the international competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China.In summary,compared with the developed countries of Germany,Japan and the United States,the international competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China is still inferior to that of developed countries.In this five categories of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry,despite the intelligent control system has certain advantages in international competition,the other four categories do not have competitive advantages.In terms of different regions,the eastern and northeastern region process international competitiveness than others.The analysis of the coordination degree made shows that the coordination degree of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry and the economic scale,economic development level and economic efficiency are on the rise.(4)Diamond model analysis shows that investment on R&D,demand from international market,support from IT hardware and software would have a positive impact on the competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China,while the demand from domestic market has a negative impact on the competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry.For different intelligent manufacturing equipment,the factors affecting its international competitiveness are heterogeneous.The research finds that,the number of scientific and technological talents and demand from domestic market would have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of 3D printers;investment on R&D,demand from foreign market,support from IT hardware&software,and opportunities would have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of industrial robots;The demand of domestic and international market,support from IT hardware&software and opportunities would have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of precision instrumentation;R&D investment,number of scientific and technological talents and support from IT hardware&software would have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of CNC machine tools;international competition forced by R&D investment,demand from international market,support from IT hardware&software and opportunities would have a positive impact on intelligent control systems.In addition,demand from domestic market has a negative impact on the international competitiveness for CNC machine tools and intelligent control systems.(5)The competitiveness of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry would contribute to the upgrading of regional industrial structure and industrial efficiency.At the same time,it will also promote the increase in the proportion of export for regional intelligent manufacturing equipment industry,thus,resulting the upgraded of regional trade structure.There are differences in the impact of the international competitiveness of different intelligent manufacturing equipment industries on regional industries and trade structures.The international competitiveness of 3D printers,industrial robots,CNC machine tools and intelligent control systems has a positive impact on regional industrial upgrading,and has no significant impact on industrial efficiency.However,precision instruments and meters have no positive impact on regional industrial upgrading,and there is an industrial efficiency.Positive impact.In addition,the international competitiveness of precision instrumentation and intelligent control systems is conducive to the increase in the scale and proportion of equipment exports.The international competitiveness of 3D printers,industrial robots and CNC machine tools does not have a significant impact on the scale and proportion of equipment exports.At the end of the thesis,the recommendations on policy for improving the competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in China are proposed.The specific ideas are:(1)Multiple methods should be taken to develop the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry,integrated into the global division of labor in the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry actively,and must integrate into the global intelligent manufacturing equipment industry division of labor.It is necessary to give full play to the leading role of the market,and at the same time,the government should play a better role.It is necessary to support the development of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry in basic research,research on core technology and provision of market.(2)Establishing a supply-side structure reform with enterprises as the main body,speeding up the elimination of backward production capacity,expanding market demand;increasing support for upstream and downstream,especially the development of industries related to intelligent manufacturing equipment industry;accelerating R&D and innovation of intelligent manufacturing equipment enterprises,promoting government and enterprises technical cooperation;(3)On the basis of full investigation,the state should further refine the past“big and crude”industrial support policies and extend to the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry;local governments should combine the development of local intelligent manufacturing equipment industry to formulate industrial development.Appropriate countermeasures;explore and promote various industrial development modes such as leading enterprises,industry-university-research cooperation,foreign introduction and digestion;(4)Strengthening international exchange and cooperation in the intelligent manufacturing industry,utilizing advanced manufacturing technologies of foreign capital actively;accelerating the construction of industrial standard systems and legal systems,avoiding homogenous competition of domestic enterprises;training a group of industrial technology research teams or research institutes to accelerate actual combat Engineering talent cultivation actively. |
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