Historical Landscape Development In The Three Gorges Area(Chongqing Section) In The Qing Dynasty

As an important carrier of local culture,historical landscape plays an important role in anchoring local cultural identity and enhancing cultural confidence in urban construction.However,due to the lack of systematic research on the historical landscape in the Three Gorges area and deep researches on its connotation,value,significance,characteristics and skills,the protection and inheritance of the historical landscape in the rapid urbanization construction of the area is in a dilemma.The phenomenon of building the fake one instead of the real landscape occurs from time to time,and the phenomenon of landscape homogenization is also prominent.Therefore,it is necessary and important to systematically study the historical landscape of the Three Gorges area;At the same time,the Three Gorges area is an important part of the protection of the historical and cultural resources of the Yangtze River.It has rich historical heritage and various types of historical landscapes.However,due to the influence of war,rapid urbanization and many other events,many precious historical landscapes have been damaged,destroyed,submerged and even disappeared,and the lack of historical data makes this work more difficult and urgent,Therefore,it is urgent to systematically and comprehensively explore,sort out,refine and summarize the historical landscape of the Three Gorges area.Therefore,from the perspective of landscape architecture,this paper selects the Qing Dynasty,the typical historical stage of "destruction reconstruction" of historical landscape in the Three Gorges area,as the research time scope,analyzes the development process,construction ideas and construction characteristics of historical landscape in this period,extracts the influencing factors of historical landscape development and evolution,analyzes the soil and causes of historical landscape breeding,and refines the historical landscape This paper reveals the valuable landscape features and construction methods,in order to put forward the corresponding strategies and thinking for the current historical landscape development and protection.The research of this paper is based on the technical route of "interpretation of development process construction thought exploration landscape feature extraction development mechanism analysis",and makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the historical landscape of the Qing Dynasty in the Three Gorges Region(Chongqing Section).(1)Through the sorting of local records,travels and poems in Qing Dynasty,the author has comprehensively clarified the types and quantity changes of historical landscape in the Three Gorges area(Chongqing Section)by combing the documents and materials such as local records,travel notes and poems in Qing Dynasty,and integrating the cross disciplinary achievements of local history,urban history and archaeological history,and obtained the correlation between the social development and landscape evolution in Qing Dynasty;(2)Through systematically combing the text data such as garden travel notes,local records and urban construction records,as well as historical public map,historical photos and other image data,the paper summarizes the historical landscape construction ideas of Three Gorges Area in Qing Dynasty,which are "good landscape,humanity","people's livelihood,preventing banditry","advocating Buddhism,respecting famous and virtuous people","building connection and gathering the same kind";(3)Through the division of different scales,combined with historical data and field investigation,the urban landscape of "landscape city integration" on macro scale,field town landscape with "small gathering and scattered" and "linear oriented" on mesoscale,and landscape characteristics under three scales of different types of landscape points on micro scale are obtained,From the distribution,space,elements,design methods,materials and decoration,the landscape features of the Three Gorges area(Chongqing Section)in Qing Dynasty are summarized,such as water,city and landscape blending and landscape formation;(4)Based on the systematic synthesis of the development process,construction thought and landscape characteristics of the historical landscape in the Three Gorges Region(Chongqing Section),the main influencing factors,the development path of the landscape under multiple objectives and the evolution law of the landscape in different scales are analyzed,thus the development power of the historical landscape in the Qing Dynasty in the Three Gorges Region(Chongqing Section)is explored.On this basis,the paper summarizes the experience of historical landscape development and construction in the Three Gorges area from the four aspects of "integration of city and landscape,prosperity due to water,landscape according to situation,and cultural environment";Four landscape techniques of "identification,translation,activation and reappearance" are proposed to protect,inherit and integrate historical culture into modern landscape design.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)the development of historical landscape in the Three Gorges area in the Qing Dynasty has the characteristics of stages;(2)its development has the characteristics of pluralism and openness;(3)there are obvious regional landscape characteristics in different scales;(4)landscape culture is the foundation of its construction,and practicability and functionality are the important driving force for its development;(5)the Three Gorges area has the characteristics of diversity and openness.The historical landscape of Qing Dynasty has certain identification characteristics,which has inheritance value for the current landscape construction.The study has three innovation points.(1)In terms of research content,this study systematically reviewed the quantity and diversity changes of historical landscapes of the Qing Dynasty in the Three Gorges area and clarified the development trajectories for the first time.(2)In terms of research perspective,this study proposed the driving mechanism of epochal events of the Qing Dynasty in the Three Gorges area from the perspective of coupled social development and landscape evolution.(3)In terms of research methods,this study used interdisciplinary methods to summarize the development and construction features of typical historical landscapes in the Three Gorges area(Chongqing Section)in the Qing Dynasty.