A Study On The Distribution Of Buddhist And Taoist Buildings And The Status Of Urban Landscape In Five Counties Of Guide Area In Qing Dynasty

This paper in the basis of the research on the distribution of temples in the Qing Dynasty of the research group,summarizes the spatial layout and distribution law of Buddhist and Taoist buildings in guide area(now Shangqiu City)in Qing Dynasty,studies the urban landscape framework of this place,it also discusses the relationship between Buddhism,Taoism and other landscape elements,and their position in urban landscape structure systemGuide area has always been a place for strategists to fight for since ancient times.It is located at the junction of Henan,Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui provinces,and in the Yellow River flood area of the inland Huang Huai plain.In the history of the Qing Dynasty,Guide area was less interference from external factors,and it is political,economic and cultural development was stable,it has certain representativeness to the ancient city landscape of the Yellow River flood area in Qing Dynasty.First of all,this paper combs the physical geographical basis and social development conditions of five counties in Guide area,includes its historical evolution,topography,climate conditions,population,economy,water conservancy,transportation,traditional customs,city construction and other contents,in this way,we can fully understand the background environment for the survival and development of Buddhism and Taoism buildings,it provides basic support for the interpretation of its distribution rule and landscape status.Secondly,it explores the spatial distribution of Buddhist and Taoist buildings and its influencing factors,the spatial distribution characteristics are discussed about two levels,from the aspects of national policy,geographical environment,economic basis and traditional customs,this paper discusses its influence on the distribution of Buddhist and Taoist buildings.Generally speaking,Buddhist buildings prefer to be built in rural areas outside the city,while Taoist buildings are mostly distributed in the city,most of the Buddhist and Taoist buildings outside the city are distributed in the main towns.After that,the important landscape elements represented by administration,culture,education and temple in the city will be sorted out,the general situation of the urban landscape structure in guide area in Qing Dynasty is summarized as follows,East West Main landscape axis,North South secondary landscape axis.From the center to the periphery,the circle landscape layout of administration,culture and education,official temples,Taoist buildings,altars,and Buddhist buildings are arranged successively.At last,the paper makes a comparative analysis of the leading landscape elements that play a key role in the architecture of Buddhism and Taoism and the urban landscape structure system,attempts to discuss the landscape position of Buddhism and Taoism in urban landscape structure.By studying the Impact on existing landscape system,distribution characteristics,religious policies,architectural layout and Location characteristics grade and scale of Buddhist and Taoist buildings,It is concluded that the landscape status of Buddhist architecture is lower than that of administration,culture,education and temple,and the urban landscape status of Taoist architecture is higher than that of Buddhism.The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of traditional Chinese architecture,Chinese traditional culture,Chinese traditional tectonic strategy,and the understanding of the position of Buddhist and Taoist buildings in the urban landscape tectonic system,more in-depth understanding of the behavior mode and cultural logic of the existing architectural system and the ancient Chinese architectural system when facing the challenges of Buddhism and Taoism architectural system,in the hope of provides one perspective and entry point for the study of ancient Chinese cities.