The Evolution And Reconstruction Of The Cultural Memory Space In Rural Tourism Destinations

Under the background of urbanization and rural revitalization in China,the cultural studies of rural tourism destinations have always been the focus areas and hot topics of tourism geography.Especially,the recovery and reconstruction of rural culture is the scientific problems to be urgently solved.A comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon and evolution mechanism of rural culture has become the necessary precondition and basic requirement for the revitalization of rural culture.As China's rapid development of new urbanization and rural tourism,the society,economy,ecology and culture of rural tourism destinatons are undergoing great changes.Meanwhile,the production and lifestyle of local residents and the needs of tourists are also changing imperceptibly.All these changes have resulted in the decline of rural culture,gradually appeared the lack of confidence and identity for rural culture,and what's more,caused the rural's fractured memory.All these phenomena show great impact on rural culture and its living environment.Finally,these phenomenons have a great impact on rural culture and its living environment.According to the research background,the thesis will take rural cultural memory as the logical starting point foe analyzing the space-time process of rural culture of rural tourism destinations.This paper is based on the cultural memory theory and focuses on the identification of cultural memory,local identity and cultural continuity.By comprehensively using such technologies and methods as the qualitative analysis,mathematical statistics,spatio-temporal analysis and memory collage technique,etc.,it explores the evolution mechanism,identification effect and reconstruction pattern of rural cultural memory space in rural tourism destinations.This study aims at restoring and reconstructing the culture in rural tourism destinations through the mining of rural cultural memory,and selects the Jinting town in Suzhou city as a typical case to make an in-depth research.It is of great significance to seek new perspectives,new directions and new methods of cultural research in rural tourism destinations.The thesis is composed of three parts.The first part(Chapter one and two)elaborates the selected topic significance and theoretical framework.The first chapter mainly discusses the research background,research objectives,research significance and research content framework.In the second chapter,by reviewing the existing research results,the author finds out the shortcomings and further constructs the theoretical framework of this study.The second part(Chapter three,four,five and six)is the main content of the study,mainly focusing on the evolution process,identification effect,driving mechanism and reconstruction pattern of rural cultural memory space.The third part(Chapter seven)draws conclusions and indicates this research's limitations as well as suggestions for further study.Therefore,based on cultural memory theory,tourism human-environment interactions theory,place theory and collage city theory,it carries out extraction of cultural memory elements,expression of cultural memory space,recognition of host&guest memory space,driving mechanism of spatial evolution and reconstruction of cultural memory space.Following the main line of this study,three main questions are discussed,namely,what is the rural cultural memory space?How to calculate the local cultural identity effect of such space?What are the driving mechanisms and reconstruction patterns that influence such spatial evolution?The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The theoretical research framework of cultural memory space in rural tourism destinations is constructed.This paper takes rural cultural memory as the breakthrough point,and takes cultural memory,identity and cultural continuity as the research core.The rural cultural memory is referred to as the logical starting point,which researchs rural cultural space process under the perspective of time and space.This paper focuses on the discussion of rural culture in terms of the research framework,connotation and contents from the perspective of cultural memory theory and tourism humanenvironment interactions theory.The article puts forward the concepts of rural cultural memory and rural cultural memory space,and explores the characteristics of spacetime correlation,standard constancy,symbol interpretive and cultural reconstruction.Based on cultural memory recognition,local identity and cultural continuity of cultural memory theory,the article constructs the three-dimensional research framework including "time dimension,spatial dimension and social dimension".Specifically,the spatial dimension expresses the spatial vector of rural cultural memory and its spatial coordinates,the social dimension showes the social framework that influences the change of rural cultural memory,and the time dimension illustrates the time scale and dynamic process of rural cultural memory formation and development stage.These dimensions represent time scales,space coordinates and social frameworks in the production,development,recovery and reconstruction of rural culture.(2)The paper constructs the extraction&recognition pattern and space classification of rural cultural memory space,and explores its evolution rule.On the basis of defining the principle of rural cultural memory extraction,the identification model of "start-up-sharing(reconstruction)" is constructed.The specific principles include the formation of cultural memory form,the stability of cultural memory transmission,the diversity of cultural memory structures and the diversity of cultural memory space.In this study,seven types of rural cultural memory fields and four types of rural cultural memory spaces were proposed.Combined with the case analysis of Jinting town in Suzhou,this paper reveals the spatio-temporal pattern,evolution process and leading factors of the rural cultural memory space in this area in different development periods.(3)This paper proposes a model of "host&guest" perception dimension and identity effect measurement of cultural memory space in rural tourism destinations.By EFA,first-order CFA and second-order CFA,this paper verifies the tourists and residents of rural cultural memory space perception of the four dimensional model,namely,time,space,culture and emotion,and further constructs a structural equation model between spatial perception of cultural memory and local cultural identity.The results show that:?in the perception model,tourists show the greatest degree of awareness on the time dimension.In other words,the tourism experience can cause a certain nostalgic effect in the rural cultural memory space,while the cognition of the other three dimensions is obviously lower than the time dimension.Residents showed the opposite cognitive degree,that is,the cognition of the other three dimensions was significantly higher than the time dimension.? In the structural equation model,in the direct action path of PI<-CMP,the effect of residents' perception on local identity is higher than that of tourists.In the path of PI<-PD<-CMP,compared with tourists,residents are more likely to form the dependence on the local cultural memory space and satisfy their material needs,so as to achieve the impact of local identity.(4)This paper presents the internal-external driving force system,action mechanism and action process.By analyzing the main factors influencing the development of the history and the present,the thesis,from the perspective of endogenous driving force and exogenous driving force,puts forward the driving force system,action mechanism and action modes,which influence the spatial evolution of rural cultural memory in different development cycles.External driving forces include environmental adaptation,economic driving,cultural promotion and power system,which are presented as a top-down mechanism.Specifically,it shows the mechanism of resource conservation and environmental optimization,the industrial integration mechanism,the cultural integration mechanism,the mechanism of government support and policy guarantee.(5)This paper puts forward the connotation,dimension,pattern and path of reconstructing the cultural memory space in rural tourism destinations.On the basis of above research,the paper further expounds the connotation of spatial reconstruction of rural cultural memory,whose character is embodied in the stability of the memory contents,the diversity of memory subjects,the diversity of memory media.The article explicitly puts forward the four reconstruction dimensions,namely memory elements reconstruction,structural reconstruction,functional framework reconstruction,cultural value reconstruction.Furthermore,four reconstruction patterns and implementation paths are refined,such as memory remolding,memory innovation,memory grafting and memory conservation.Finally,the empirical analysis of spatial reconstruction is carried out with a case study.The value of this study is mainly reflected in the following two aspects:(1)Revealing the evolution mechanism and identification effect of cultural memory space in rural tourism destinations.The thesis applies the cultural memory theory and tourism human-environment interactions theory to the rural cultural system of rural tourism destination research,providing theoretical explanation and support for the study of the development of rural culture.The concrete content includes:defining the rural cultural memory and rural cultural memory space.Analyzing the spatial elements,classification,spatio-temporal evolution and its driving mechanism.Setting up the perception dimension and identity cultural evaluation model from the perspective between tourists and residents.(2)Constructing the reconstruction model of cultural memory space in rural tourist areas.This study focuses on analyzing the connotation of spatial reconstruction of cultural memory in rural tourism destinations,and proposes an analytical framework based on reconstruction dimension,reconstruction pattern and reconstruction path.The aim is to enrich the theoretical connotation and method system of rural cultural research in rural tourism destination.