The Research On The Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si In The Jin Dynasty

The study of political system in Jin Dynasty has obtained a significant position in comtempory academic circle.However,the research on individual institutions,such as the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si,still needs to be improved.As an "inner imperial court" institution with the basic duties of guarding and serving for the emperor and other members of the royal family,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si had an crucial influence in a considerable number of aspects in the Jin Dynasty.Consequently,its status cannot be negelected.Taking account of this,there is certain significance to choose the topic of " the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty" as the theme of this thesis.The thesis takes the clues of sorting out the operation of "systems","characters" and "events" related to the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si of Jin Dynasty,and strives to conduct a comprehensive and systematic discussion on them.The first chapter of this thesis is "The Evolution of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in t Jin Dynasty".Through researching from the origin of the names of the government offices and the positions of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty,it can be concluded that it had adopted the system of the Tang Dynasty,the Five Dynasties,the Liao Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty.Among them,the Liao Dynasty left a deep influence on the foundation of the constitution of Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty.The final appearance of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty was also an inevitable result of the development of the Nvzhen regime.From the Jin Xizong to Wei Shaowang,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si had been continuing to develop and evolve.Among them,there are differentiated reforms for different purposes in the late Zhenglong period and the early Dading period.There are also minor adjustments based on Emperors' certain rule needs.After "Zhenyou crossing the river",under the historical background of political disorder,financial depression and unfavorable war,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si of Jin Dynasty showed an "abnormal" state and gradually declined.The second chapter of the thesis is "The Duties of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty".The responsibilities of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si were quite extensive.In terms of military affairs,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si guarded the palace,and participated in border defense and conquests.In terms of palace service,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si had a couple of bureaus and offices in charge of the palace and the royal property.Additionally,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si served the royal family and its members were always on hand.In terms of government affairs,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si participated in political affairs,imformation upload and release,as well as observed outside affairs.To be concluded,it was an important part of the political operation of Jin Dynasty.In terms of etiquette,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si was an essential participant in various national etiquette activities of Jin Dynasty.In terms of diplomatic affairs,Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si personnel were not only sent on a diplomatic mission to other countries,but also took charge of specific matters when receiving foreign envoys.In addition,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si also handled some special affairs for the emperors,such as killing dissidents and other important or private matters.The third chapter of the thesis is "The selection and transfer of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si officials in Jin Dynasty".From the perspective of nationality and family background,the general composition of the officials in the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si was characterized by selecting Nvzhen,especially Nvzhen noble relatives,as the main source of incumbents.Due to the differences among the imperial government and the emperors' policies policies in different periods,the officials of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si also had phase characteristics.The officials of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si could be divided into three categories.These three types of officials had their own characteristics in the way of entering and moving in and out of bureaucracy.Regarding the main minor official in the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si — Huwei,Qinjun,Fengyu,Fengzhi,Fu Baozhihou and Fu Baodianshu,it demonstrated that the Jin Dynasty formulated corresponding selection and appointment systems.However,the real situation reflected from the actual circumstances showed that these policies had basically not been implemented.The fourth chapter of the thesis is "the Jin Dynasty's management of the staff of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si".Since the responsibilities of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si were related to the safety of the emperor,thus,the emperor attached great importance to the management of the personnel in the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si.The Jin Dynasty provided a series of material benefits such as salaries and allowances for the staff of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si,and gave temporary rewards to relevant officials due to personal reasons.At the same time,it would also add officials and ranks to those who have contributed to the emperors.The Jin Dynasty also issued a ban on the behavior of the staff of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si.The emperor also attached importance to the education for the officials of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si,aiming to urge them to improve their cultural literacy and professional capacity.The emperor also granted the ministers of imperial court to supervise the staff of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si.For those who violated the law,the emperor would punish them.On the whole,the Jin Dynasty' s management of the staff of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si reflected a strong "emperor-oriented" feature.The fifth chapter of the thesis is "the influence of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty".The Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si's influence in the political situation of the Jin Dynasty was comparable to a "double-edged sword".It could not only perform its due functions to help the emperor and maintain the emperor's power,it might also be counterproductive,even endangering the emperors or killing them.The staff of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si also participated extensively in the wars in the middle and late Jin Dynasty.The Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si had outstanding achievements in the early stage,but rarely had victories in the later period.In the process of diplomatic affairs,the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si played a certain role in safeguarding the national interests of the Jin Dynasty,but in the later period of the Jin Dynasty,some of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si officials who participated in the "accompaniment mission" undermined the Jin Dynasty's prestige.The generous economic treatment of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si and the illegal actions of individual personnel undermined the economic development of the Jin Dynasty to a certain extent,but government offices such as the Gong Ji Jian and the Shang Jiu Ju also enhanced the economic development of the Jin Dynasty.The various appearances illustrated by the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si in Jin Dynasty reflected that the officials of the Dian Qian Du Dian Jian Si not only had the attributes of national public officials,but also served as the representatives of the Jin Dynasty aristocratic group.Moreover,those staff had the nature of the emperor's "private servants".