Research On Marx's Dialectically Critical View Of Justice

The research enthusiasm of Marx's concept of justice at home and abroad has lasted for half a century,and the main reason is that it is difficult for scholars to reach a consensus on Marx's view of justice as an ideological legal right or a normative moral concept.Returning to the theoretical logic of Marx's theory itself,We can find that the theory of human liberation,which is based on historical materialism,bridges the split between the factual dimension and the normative dimension of justice and puts forward the dialectically critical view of justice in a real sense.The philosophical task of Marx from explaining the world to transforming the world is to answer the question ‘what is justice and how to achieve justice' fundamentally,and to unify what is justice and how to achieve justice in clarifying the value pursuit and practical practice of human liberation.Marx puts forward the value goal of human liberation on the basis of explaining the justice of legal right in the class society.The fusion of history materialism and human liberation endowed Marx's justice with the nature of dialectically critical.Marx's dialectically critical view of justice is based on the historical materialism and critique of political economy and turns the ideal of human liberation into the realistic movement: In class society,justice which belongs to the category of ideological legal right,is inherently directed to the ruling class that dominates private property,which can only pursue formal justice and achieve political liberation in the incomplete political revolution at best.Communist society,as the real beginning of human civilization,marks that human society has entered the state of self-denial from the external negation mediated by the active sublation of private property and realizes the self-generation of human society in the sense of common possession of property.This constitutes the core content of the dialectically critical view of justice.The realization of human liberation in the communist stage is not as a result,but as a state.It is a variety of possibilities of the development of human and society in continuous selfdenial.On the premise of reviewing the theory of the view of justice,the paper systematically and comprehensively demonstrates and explains the logical evolution,theoretical characteristics and contemporary value of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice.First of all,it makes a theoretical review of the past views of justice and puts forward Marx's dialectically critical view of justice.According to the different theories of studying the views of justice,the past views of justice can be divided into the natural law school's view of justice and the philosophical law school's view of justice,which have shaped the ‘meta-value' of justice and led to the value compulsion based on the ‘meta-value'.To explore the ethical basis of the view of justice,the view of justice before Marx either pursues normative political philosophy and emphasizes the value of justice,or takes descriptive political philosophy as the basis and emphasizes the fact of justice.The ‘dichotomy' separating ‘value' and ‘fact' leads to the separation of justice value and fact between normative and descriptive views of justice.Marx's dialectically critical view of justice,on the basis of eliminating ‘metavalue' and surpassing ‘dichotomy',based on the real society,pursues the justice ideal of ‘human liberation'.Secondly,with Marx's theory as the support,it demonstrates the evolution logic of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice.Under the influence of speculative philosophy at first,Marx understood justice as the realization of human freedom in the abstract sense on the basis of absorbing Epicurus' self-consciousness justice view,Hegel's rationalism justice view and Feuerbach's humanism justice view.When Marx met with unanswerable puzzles in the real society guided by speculative philosophy,he turned to the criticism of political economy in capitalist social and realized the practical turn of philosophy and established historical materialism.On this basis,Marx's investigation of the view of justice took the realistic society as the foothold,turned to the study of human liberation,and realized the proof of the dialectically critical view of justice.Marx's dialectically critical view of justice is further developed in theory and practice by criticizing the injustice of capitalist system,clarifying the justice of ‘socialist ideological trend' and grasping the justice essence of communism.Thirdly,it is necessary to explain the basic connotation of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice in order to promote the human liberation.The connotation of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice is Marx's answer to the question ‘what is justice and how to achieve justice': In terms of ‘what is justice',Marx understands justice as the critical justice based on the real society and the negative based on the‘human society',which is not only the expression of justice in the dimensions of fact and value,but also the reflection of the actual state and the supposed state of human society.In terms of ‘how to realize justice',Marx regards justice as the practical justice that moves towards the future society,and the practical justice realizes the unity of the fact and value of justice,and understands the justice ideal of human liberation as the historical process of human society moving from the actual state to the supposed state.Fourth,to reveal the theoretical characteristics of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice and grasp the historical progress of Marx's view of justice.Fundamentally,the dialectically critical view of justice is a more thorough social criticism in the depth of political economy,a highly human revolution for the purpose of human liberation,and a realistic movement of human society from external negation to self-negation.This is the essence of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice.The historical progress of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice is mainly manifested in the transcendence and revolutionary.It is realized from speculative justice to practice justice,from the form justice to essence justice and from moral desert to production justice,also has realized the unity of standardization and ideal,critical and constructive,individuality and sociality.Finally,using Marx's dialectically critical view of justice to respond to the academic debate on justice and exploring the contemporary value of Marx's dialectically critical view of justice.It selects two kinds of representative debates on the research of justice and gives a targeted response from the perspective of Marx:The first debate is between the Neoliberal and Communitarian surrounding the principle of harmlessness perfection.Both sides take the capitalist dual structure as the realistic foundation.And on the question of the priority of right and good,both sides separate the unity of regularity and purposiveness of communism which realize the ideal of human liberation and justice.The second debate takes place within the Analytical Marxist.Both sides misunderstand Marx's text and separate the unity of historical materialism and human liberation in Marx's dialectically critical view of justice.